Table 3.
Features of Latex Immunotherapy Trials
| Route of Administration | First Author, Year | Study Design | Study Population (Active/Control) | Age Range (Years) | Prevalent Symptoms | Induction Phase | Maintenance Dose | Total Duration | Main Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percutaneous | Patriarca, 200276 | Case series | 5 | 26–45 | Urticaria–angioedema, asthma, hand eczema | Gradual increments starting from 10 s once a day in one hand | 1 h, both hands, 3 times a week | 1 year | Significant clinical improvement with no remarkable side effects |
| SCIT | Leynadier, 200079 | RDBPC | 9/8 | 22–41 | Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, angioedema | 2 days | 100 IR | 1 year | Decrease in symptoms except for asthma; systemic reaction in 47% in active group |
| SCIT | Sastre, 200380 | RDBPC | 16/8 | 21–51 | Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, urticaria | 98 days | 5±3 to 186±14 µg protein according to max tolerated dose | 6 months | No change in symptoms, decrease in specific reactivity; systemic reaction in 69% in active group |
| SCIT | Tabar, 200681 | RDBPC | 11/12 | 24–58 | Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, urticaria | 2 days | 80 IR | 1 year | No significant change in any parameters; systemic reaction in 81.8% in active group |
| SLIT | Patriarca, 200285 | RDBPC | 12/12 | 8–64 | Rhinitis, asthma, urticaria | 4 days | 300 µg/week | 3 months | Challenge tests turned negative; 2 spontaneously resolving local side effects |
| SLIT | Cistero, 200486 | Open | 26 | 15–45 | Respiratory and cutaneous symptoms | 4 days | 300 µg/week | 2,5 months | Significant improvement in glove use; systemic reaction in 3.6% of doses |
| SLIT | Bernardini, 200689 | RDBPC | 12/8 | 4–15 | Rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, urticaria | 4 days | 210 µg/week | 1 year | Decrease in symptoms; no side effects observed |
| SLIT | Nettis, 200788 | RDBPC | 20/20 | 18–47 | Asthma, urticaria | 4 days | 300 µg/week | 1 year | Decrease in symptoms, significant improvement in glove use; rare local side effects |
| SLIT | Nucera, 200892 | Random open | 12/11 | 5–64 | Urticaria–angioedema, asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis | 2 days vs 3 days |
– | – | 3-day protocol was better tolerated and safer than the 2-day protocol |
| SLIT | Buyukozturk, 201093 | RDBPC | 8/4 | 26–32 | Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, urticaria | 4 days | 300 µg/week | 1 year | Improvement in glove use, decrease in symptoms; 3 severe systemic events |
| SLIT | Gastaminza, 201197 | RDBPC | 14/14 | 24–57 | Rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, urticaria | 4 days | 210 µg/week | 1 year + 1 year | No significant difference in any parameters; 4 mild adverse events |
| SLIT | Lasa Luaces, 201294 | Open | 18/5 | – | Rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, urticaria | 4 days | 300 µg/week | 1 year | Decrease in symptoms, no significant changes in IgE, IgG4 and BAT |
| SLIT | Nucera, 201895 | Open | 76 | Mean age 34 | Rhinoconjunctivitis, hand eczema, urticaria | 4 days | 500 µg/week | 3 years | Symptoms, provocation tests and mean wheal diameters of SPT significantly improved |
Abbreviations: SCIT, subcutaneous immunotherapy; SLIT, sublingual immunotherapy; RDBPC, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled; IgE, immunoglobulin E; IgG4, immunoglobulin G4; BAT, basophil activation test; SPT, skin-prick test.