. 2020 Jun;23(6):782–790. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2020.01.015

Table 5.

Univariable associations and effect sizes between quality-of-life measure scores (all conditions) and contextual constructs.

Contextual construct		CES		CarerQoL		ASCOT-Carer		EQ-5D-5L (carer)		ICECAP-A
Contextual construct	n	CC	Effect size	CC	Effect size	CC	Effect size	CC	Effect size	CC	Effect size
Carer
Age	558	−0.02		0.06		−0.01		−0.15^∗∗∗		0.01
Gender, female	569		−0.18^∗		−0.23^∗∗		−0.16		−0.01		−0.06
Employment status, paid employment	567		0.25^∗∗		0.23^∗∗		0.17		0.38^∗∗∗		0.22^∗∗
Self-rated life satisfaction	564	0.52^∗∗∗		0.64^∗∗∗		0.78^∗∗∗		0.43^∗∗∗		0.82^∗∗∗
Care recipient
Age	546	0.10^∗		0.15^∗∗		0.17^∗∗∗		0.14^∗∗		0.23^∗∗∗
Gender, male	574		−0.06		−0.27^∗∗		−0.22^∗		−0.19^∗		−0.30^∗∗∗
Cognitive difficulties and daily dependencies	576	−0.14^∗∗∗		−0.35^∗∗∗		−0.39^∗∗∗		−0.18^∗∗∗		−0.38^∗∗∗
Health status (EQ-5D-5L)	503	0.15^∗∗∗		0.30^∗∗∗		0.32^∗∗∗		0.24^∗∗∗		0.32^∗∗∗
Direction of health status, declining	569		−0.34^∗∗∗		−0.34^∗∗∗		−0.29^∗∗		−0.17^∗		−0.24^∗∗
Caring situation
Co-residence	575		−0.49^∗∗∗		−0.33^∗∗∗		−0.62^∗∗∗		−0.40^∗∗∗		−0.63^∗∗∗
Relationship, spouse	576		−0.21^∗		−0.16		−0.35^∗∗∗		−0.37^∗∗∗		−0.46^∗∗∗
Duration of caring (months)	568	−0.10^∗		−0.14^∗∗∗		−0.17^∗∗∗		−0.12^∗∗		−0.21^∗∗∗
Hours of care per week >20	559		−0.58^∗∗∗		−0.62^∗∗		0.94^∗∗∗		−0.45^∗∗∗		−0.86^∗∗∗
Provides personal care	508		−0.31^∗∗		−0.47^∗∗∗		−0.64^∗∗∗		−0.42^∗∗∗		−0.61^∗∗
Main carer	566		−0.59^∗∗∗		−0.49^∗∗∗		−0.62^∗∗∗		−0.34^∗∗∗		−0.57^∗∗∗
Involvement of others	566		0.44^∗∗∗		0.21^∗		0.22^∗		0.13		0.22^∗∗

Note. CC indicates correlation coefficient. Spearman’s rho is reported for all constructs that are continuous variables (age, self-rated life satisfaction, number of cognitive difficulties and daily dependencies, recipient EQ-5D-5L, duration of caring). Cohen’s d effect size is reported for all other variables. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients of >0.3 are considered weak, >0.5 moderate, and >0.7 strong. Cohen’s d effect sizes of >0.2 are considered small, >0.5 moderate, and >0.8 large. The same interpretations apply for negative correlation coefficients and effect sizes. Yellow shading indicates not statistically significant; light yellow shading, statistically significant, small/weak effect size; dark yellow shading, statistically significant, moderate/high/strong effect size.

^∗

P<.05;

^∗∗

P<.01;

^∗∗∗

P<.001.