Table 1.
Taxa sampled for chloroplast (matK and rps16-trnK) and nuclear (PHYC) regions, assigned to their respective putative pollination syndrome. Species codes, haplotypes and locality information (country, federal state and municipality). RJ, Rio de Janeiro; ES, Espírito Santo; MG, Minas Gerais; SP, São Paulo; BA, Bahia; PR, Paraná; PE, Pernambuco; SC, Santa Catarina; RS, Rio Grande do Sul.
| Pollination syndrome | Species | Species code | Haplotypes cpDNA/PHYC | Locality |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outgroup—bats and hawkmoths (Martinelli et al. 1994) | Alcantarea imperialis | Ai | H1/Hn1 | Brazil, RJ, Teresópolis |
| A. regina | Ar | H2/Hn2 | Brazil, RJ, Rio de Janeiro | |
| Stigmatodon croceanus | Scr | H3/Hn3 | Brazil, RJ, Santa Maria Madalena | |
| S. harrylutheri | Sha | H4/Hn4 | Brazil, ES | |
| S. plurifolius | Spl | H5/Hn5 | Brazil, ES | |
| S. costae | Vco | H18/- | Brazil, RJ, Niterói | |
| Vriesea (‘Stigmatodon’) oligantha | Vol | H31/- | Brazil, MG | |
| Vriesea—hummingbirds | V. agostiniana | Vag | H8/Hn10 | Brazil, SP, Caraguatatuba |
| V. amethystina | Vam | H9/Hn11 | Brazil, RJ, Rio de Janeiro | |
| V. billbergioides | Vbi | H11/Hn13 | Brazil, RJ, Teresópolis | |
| V. botafogensis | Vbo | H13/Hn15 | Brazil, RJ, Rio de Janeiro | |
| V. cacuminis | Vcu | H14/Hn13 | Brazil, MG, Ibitipoca | |
| V. calimaniana | Vcl | H15/Hn16 | Brazil, ES, Venda Nova do Imigrante | |
| V. capixabae | Vcp | H6/Hn17 | Brazil, ES, Ibitirama | |
| V. carinata var. carinata | Vcr | H6/Hn18 | Brazil, ES, Santa Teresa | |
| V. carinata var. flavominiata | Vcrf | H16/Hn19 | Brazil, ES, Santa Maria de Jetibá | |
| V. carinata var. mangaratibensis | Vcrm | H6/Hn20 | Brazil, RJ, Mangaratiba | |
| V. duvaliana | Vdu | H6/Hn22 | Brazil, BA, Itacaré | |
| V. eltoniana | Vel | H19/Hn23 | Brazil, RJ, Arraial do Cabo | |
| V. ensiformis var. ensiformis | Vem | H6/Hn6 | Brazil, SP, Cananéia | |
| V. ensiformis var. ensiformis | Vem | H20/Hn25 | Brazil, PR, Guaraqueçaba | |
| V. ensiformis var. ensiformis | Vem | H6/Hn26 | Brazil, PE, Caruaru | |
| V. ensiformis var. ensiformis | Vem | H20/- | Brazil, SC, Corupá | |
| V. ensiformis var. bicolor | Venb | H6/Hn24 | Brazil, SP, Caraguatatuba | |
| V. erythrodactylon | Ver | H21/Hn27 | Brazil, ES, Santa Teresa | |
| V. flammea | Vfm | H17/Hn29 | Brazil, PR, Paranaguá | |
| V. flammea | Vfm | H17/Hn21 | Brazil, SP | |
| V. flava | Vfl | H23/Hn30 | Brazil, PR, Morretes | |
| V. fluviatilis | Vfu | H25/Hn32 | Brazil, RJ, Santa Maria Madalena | |
| V. fluviatilis | Vfu | H19/Hn6 | Brazil, RJ, Casimiro de Abreu | |
| V. gracilior | Vgc | H24/- | Brazil, ES, Santa Teresa | |
| V. gradata | Vgr | H26/Hn33 | Brazil, RJ, Petrópolis | |
| V. gutatta | Vgu | H27/- | Brazil, SC, Antônio Carlos | |
| V. heterostachys | Vhe | H6/Hn32 | Brazil, RJ, Teresópolis | |
| V. aff. heterostachys | Vhe | H6/Hn6 | Brazil, SP, Ilha do Cardoso | |
| V. inflata | Vif | H6/- | Brazil, SP, São Luis do Paraitinga | |
| V. aff. inflata | Vif | H6/Hn7 | Brazil, SP, Bananal | |
| V. interrogatoria | Vit | H28/Hn20 | Brazil, SP, Cunha | |
| V. lubbersii | Vlu | H47/- | Brazil, RJ, Valença | |
| V. maxoniana | Vma | H48/- | Bolívia, Santa Cruz | |
| V. modesta | Vmo | H6/Hn32 | Brazil, RJ, Santa Ma. Madalena | |
| V. neoglutinosa | Vne | H30/Hn36 | Brazil, RJ | |
| V. paraibica | Vpa | H32/- | Brazil, RJ, Nova Friburgo | |
| V. aff. procera | Vpr | H7/Hn8 | Brazil, RS, Torres | |
| V. psittacina | Vpi | H34/Hn6 | Brazil, RJ | |
| V. recurvata | Vrc | H35/- | Brazil, BA, Ilhéus | |
| V. repandostachys | Vrp | H6/- | Brazil, ES, Domingos Martins | |
| V. rhodostachys | Vrh | H36/Hn37 | Brazil, ES, Santa Teresa | |
| V. rhodostachys | Vrh | H37/Hn38 | Brazil, BA, Arataca | |
| V. rodigasiana | Vro | H38/- | Brazil, SP, Cananéia | |
| V. rubyae | Vru | H6/Hn39 | Brazil, RJ, Petrópolis | |
| V. rubyae | Vru | H39/Hn40 | Brazil, RJ, Angra dos Reis | |
| V. sandrae | Vsa | H40/- | Brazil, BA, Santa Terezinha | |
| V. saundersii | Vau | H43/Hn41 | Brazil, RJ, Rio de Janeiro | |
| V. scalaris var. scalaris | Vsc | H6/Hn42 | Brazil, ES, Santa Teresa | |
| V. scalaris var. scalaris | Vsc | H6/Hn42 | Brazil, PR, Paranaguá | |
| V. scalaris var. viridis | Vscv | H42/Hn42 | Brazil, PE, Taquaritinga do Norte | |
| V. seideliana | Vse | H6/Hn6 | Brazil, ES, Domingos Martins | |
| V. simplex | Vsi | H6/Hn43 | Brazil, ES, Santa Teresa | |
| V. simplex | Vsi | H6/- | Brazil, SP, São Luis do Paraitinga | |
| V. sucrei | Vsu | H44/- | Brazil, RJ, Arraial do Cabo | |
| V. sucrei | Vsu | H44/Hn45 | Brazil, ES, Domingos Martins | |
| V. taritubensis var. brevisepala | Vtab | H8/- | Brazil, RJ, Guapimirim | |
| V. taritubensis var. patens | Vtap | H8/Hn9 | Brazil, SP, São Luis do Paraitinga | |
| V. taritubensis var. taritubensis | Vta | H8/Hn6 | Brazil, RJ, Paraty | |
| V. teresopolitana | Vte | H6/- | Brazil, RJ, Teresópolis | |
| V. vagans | Vva | H6/Hn47 | Brazil, SP, Bananal | |
| Vriesea—bats | V. atra | Vat | H10/Hn12 | Brazil, RJ, Teresópolis |
| V. bituminosa | Vbt | H12/Hn14 | Brazil, RJ, Teresópolis | |
| V. fenestralis | Vfe | H22/Hn28 | Brazil, RJ, Nova Iguaçu | |
| V. fosteriana | Vfo | H13/Hn31 | Brazil, ES, Cachoeiro de Itapemirim | |
| V. gigantea | Vgi | H13/Hn12 | Brazil, ES, Domingos Martins | |
| V. grandiflora | Vgd | H13/- | Brazil, RJ | |
| V. hydrophora | Vhy | H13/Hn34 | Brazil, RJ, Teresópolis | |
| V. longicaulis | Vlo | H29/Hn35 | Brazil, RJ, Teresópolis | |
| V. longistaminea | Vlg | H46/- | Brazil, MG, Mariana | |
| V. minuta | Vmi | H13/- | Brazil, BA | |
| V. pabstii | Vpb | H13/Hn13 | Brazil, SP, Bananal | |
| V. platynema var. variegata | Vplv | H33/- | Brazil, PR | |
| V. pseudatra | Vps | H13/- | Brazil, RJ, Rio de Janeiro | |
| V. sazimae | Vsz | H41/- | Brazil, RJ, Itatiaia | |
| V. sincorana | Vsc | H43/Hn44 | Brazil, BA, Rio de Contas | |
| V. unilateralis | Vun | H45/Hn46 | Brazil, SP, Cunha |