Table 3.
Bivariate and Multivariable Analyses of Factors Associated with ASB Among Pregnant Women Attending the Antenatal Clinic of the Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019 (N=290)
| Variables | Tested n(%) | ASB | Bivariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive n(%) | Negative n(%) | COR (95% CI) | P-value | AOR (95% CI) | p-value | |||
| History of urinary tract infection | ||||||||
| Yes | 91(31.4) | 28(30.8) | 63(69.2) | 3.76(1.99, 7.12) | 0.001 | 3.11(1.42, 6.79) | 0.004 | |
| No | 199(68.6) | 21(10.6) | 178(89.4) | 1 | ||||
| Hemoglobin level | ||||||||
| <11g/dl (Anemic) | 33(11.4) | 18(54.5) | 15(45.5) | 8.75(4.01,19.11) | 0.0001 | 10.49(4.58, 24.04) | 0.0001 | |
| ≥11g/dl (Normal) | 257(88.6) | 31(12.0) | 226(88.0) | 1 | ||||
| History of catheterization | ||||||||
| Yes | 89(30.7) | 23(25.8) | 66(74.2) | 2.34(1.25, 4.39) | 0.008 | 2.31(1.04, 5.13) | 0.04 | |
| No | 201(69.3) | 26(12.9) | 175(87.1) | 1 | ||||
| Educational status | ||||||||
| No formal education | 26(9) | 6(23.1) | 20(76.9) | 3.18(0.87, 11.59) | 0.08 | 3.26(0.72–14.83) | 0.126 | |
| Primary school | 125(43.1) | 23(18.4) | 102(81.6) | 2.39(0.86, 6.64) | 0.95 | 2.04(0.63, 6.62) | 0.233 | |
| Secondary school | 81(27.9) | 15(18.5) | 66(81.5) | 2.14(0.82, 7.05) | 0.11 | 2.45(0.72, 8.38) | 0.152 | |
| Higher education | 58(20.0) | 5(8.6) | 53(91.4) | 1 | ||||
| Average monthly income level (in Ethiopian Birr) | ||||||||
| ≤500 | 20(6.9) | 3(15.0) | 17(85.0) | 0.98(0.26, 3.68) | 0.986 | 0.36(0.06, 1.92) | 0.232 | |
| 501–1000 | 58(20.0) | 13(22.4) | 45(77.6) | 1.62(0.74, 3.52) | 0.226 | 1.17(0.46, 2.95) | 0.735 | |
| 1001–1500 | 29(10.0) | 3(10.3) | 26(89.7) | 0.64(0.18, 2.34) | 0.506 | 0.54(0.13, 2.19) | 0.390 | |
| 1501–2000 | 51(17.6) | 10(19.6) | 41(80.4) | 1.36(0.59, 3.16) | 0.466 | 0.75(0.26, 2.12) | 0.590 | |
| >2000 | 132(45.5) | 20(15.2) | 112(84.8) | 1 | ||||
| History of natural abortion | ||||||||
| Yes | 91(31.4) | 24(26.4) | 67(73.6) | 2.49(1.33, 4.66) | 0.004 | 2.36(1.13, 4.96) | 0.023 | |
| No | 199(68.6) | 25(12.6) | 174(87.4) | 1 | ||||
Abbreviations: COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ASB, asymptomatic bacteriuria.