Table 2. Published trials of cardioneuroablation in patients with pure vasovagal syncope.

* Clinical assessments, 12-lead ECG, and 24-h Holter-monitor recordings were obtained at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months after the ablation procedure in electroanatomic-mapping-guided CNA group. In combined approach group, the prospective follow-up consisted of a clinical evaluation (at discharge, 1 month, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months), ECG (at discharge, 1 month, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months), Holter monitoring (at discharge, 1 month, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months), and HUT (at 6 months and in case of symptoms).** Cardioinhibition with reproduction of symptoms occurred in all the patients. Patients with type 2 response or type 1 response in addition to important cardioinhibitory responses were included in the study.*** In one of cases of combined approach group, situational syncope was accompanied by VVS which was related with defecation. In one of the case of EAM-guided CNA group, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes were detected on Holter recordings.HUT, head-up tilt table test; IQR, interquartile range; NI, not indicated; SD, Standard deviation

Trial		Pachon47	Yao48	Sun49	Hu50	Aksu51
Age		32 ± 15	50 ± 6	43 ±13	42 ± 17	36 ±12
Follow-up		45 ± 22	30 ± 16	36 ±22	21 ± 13	NI*
Case number		43	10	57	115	20
Type of vasovagal syncope	Type 1	NI**	NI	NI	74.8%	20%
	Type 2	NI**	NI	NI	11.3%	80%***
	Type 3	excluded	NI	NI	13.9%	excluded
Diagnostic tool	HUT	+	+	+	+	+
	Holter	+	+	+	+	+
	Exercise	+	-	-	-	+
Counterpressure maneuvers		+	+	+	+	+
Medication		NI	+	+	+	NI
Mean±SD or median (IQR) syncope burden		4 ± 2	6.5 (3-100)	9 (4-15)	6 ± 6	4 ± 1
Atropine challenge test		+	-	-	-	+