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. 2020 Sep 14;22(5):4227–4235. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11505

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

BBR decreases retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in a rat model of DR. (A) Hematoxylin and eosin-stained eye sections (scale bar, 100 µm). (B) Eye sections assessed using the TUNEL staining assay (scale bar, 33 µm). The (C) MDA, (D) SOD, (E) CAT, (F) GSH and (G) ROS contents of the eye sections. (H) Expression levels of p-IκB (Ser32), IκB, NF-κB (nuclear) and NF-κB (cytoplasm) were examined by western blotting. ***P<0.001 and ****P<0.0001 vs. the control group. #P<0.05, ##P<0.01, ###P<0.001 and ####P<0.0001 vs. the DR group. BBR, berberine; DR, diabetic retinopathy; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; GSH, glutathione; ROS, reactive oxygen species; p, phosphorylated; IκB, NF-κB inhibitor; GCL, ganglion cell layer; BBR-L, 100 mg/kg BBR; BBR-H, 200 mg/kg BBR.