Table 1.
Demographic data
| All patients with suspected or radiographically confirmed CVE a (n = 172) | Acute ischemic stroke (n = 156) | Intracranial hemorrhage (n = 28) | Stroke + intracranial hemorrhage (n = 14) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, no. (%) | ||||
| <30 | 0/172 (0%) | 0/156 (0%) | 0/28 (0%) | 0/14 (0%) |
| 30–39 | 5/172 (2.9%) | 4/156 (2.6%) | 1/28 (3.6%) | 0/14 (0%) |
| 40–49 | 19/172 (11.1%) | 15/156 (9.6%) | 6/28 (21.4%) | 3/14 (21.4%) |
| 50–59 | 24/172 (14.0%) | 20/156 (12.8%) | 4/28 (14.3%) | 0/14 (0%) |
| 60–69 | 50/172 (29.1%) | 49/156 (31.4%) | 4/28 (14.3%) | 4/14 (28.6%) |
| 70–79 | 46/172 (26.7%) | 45/156 (28.9%) | 5/28 (17.8%) | 4/14 (28.6%) |
| 80–89 | 23/172 (13.4%) | 18/156 (11.5%) | 8/28 (28.9%) | 3/14 (21.4%) |
| >89 | 5/172 (2.9%) | 5/156 (3.2%) | 0/28 (0%) | 0/14 (0%) |
| Sex, no. female (%) | 68/171 (40.5%) | 61/155 (39.4%) | 10/28 (35.7%) | 4/14 (28.6%) |
| Race, no. (%) | ||||
| White | 94/138 (68.1%) | 84/125 (67.2%) | 20/24 (83.3%) | 10/12 (83.3%) |
| Black | 37/138 (26.8%) | 30/125 (28.0%) | 3/24 (12.5%) | 2/12 (16.7%) |
| Asian | 3/138 (2.2%) | 2/125 (1.6%) | 1/24 (4.2%) | 0/12 (0%) |
| More than one race | 2/138 (1.5%) | 2/125 (1.6%) | 0/24 (0%) | 0/12 (0%) |
| Other | 2/138 (1.5%) | 2/125 (1.6%) | 0/24 (0%) | 0/12 (0%) |
| Hispanic ethnicity, no. (%) | 62/154 (40.3%) | 58/140 (41.4%) | 10/27 (37.0%) | 6/14 (42.9%) |
| Method of arrival, no. (%) | ||||
| Emergency medical services | 67/115 (58.3%) | 59/105 (56.2%) | 12/19 (63.2%) | 5/10 (50.0%) |
| Transfer from outside hospital | 30/115 (26.1%) | 28/105 (26.7%) | 6/19 (31.6%) | 4/10 (40.0%) |
| Walk-in/private vehicle | 13/115 (11.3%) | 13/105 (12.4%) | 1/19 (5.3%) | 1/10 (10.0%) |
| Other | 5/113 (4.4%) | 5/105 (4.8%) | 0/19 (0%) | 0/10 (0%) |
| Diagnosis of COVID-19, b no. (%) | ||||
| Oropharyngeal PCR | 169/172 (98.3%) | 153/156 (98.1%) | 26/28 (92.9%) | 12/14 (85.7%) |
| Serum IgM and/or IgG | 12/172 (1.7%) | 11/156 (7.1%) | 2/28 (7.1%) | 2/14 (14.3%) |
| Known COVID-19 exposure, no. (%) | 22/172 (12.8%) | 19/156 (12.2%) | 3/28 (10.7%) | 0/14 (0%) |
| Medical history, no. (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 121/170 (71.2%) | 111/154 (72.1%) | 18/28 (64.3%) | 9/14 (64.3%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 68/168 (40.5%) | 65/152 (42.8%) | 7/28 (25.0%) | 5/14 (35.7%) |
| Dyslipidemia | 61/155 (39.4%) | 58/142 (40.1%) | 9/25 (36.0%) | 6/13 (46.2%) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 30/163 (18.4%) | 27/148 (18.2%) | 5/22 (18.5%) | 2/14 (14.3%) |
| Congestive heart failure | 30/170 (17.7%) | 27/154 (17.5%) | 6/22 (21.4%) | 4/10 (40.0%) |
| Active tobacco use | 17/150 (10.8%) | 15/145 (10.3%) | 3/26 (11.5%) | 1/14 (7.1%) |
| Prior stroke | 19/154 (12.3%) | 15/140 (10.7%) | 6/27 (22.2%) | 2/14 (14.3%) |
| Chronic renal insufficiency (stage III/IV or dialysis-dependent) | 18/160 (11.3%) | 16/144 (11.1%) | 5/28 (17.9%) | 3/14 (21.4%) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or asthma | 12/148 (8.1%) | 11/135 (8.2%) | 2/26 (7.7%) | 1/14 (7.1%) |
| Cancer | 9/147 (6.1%) | 8/134 (6.0%) | 4/26 (15.4%) | 3/14 (21.4%) |
a
CVE includes acute ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, or cortical vein and/or dural sinus thrombosis.
b
9 patients with a CVE, including 8 patients with an acute stroke were diagnosed with COVID-19 using both serum antibodies and oropharyngeal PCR.
CVE: cerebrovascular event; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; PCR: polymerase chain reaction.