Table 7.
Anticancer effects of bovine colostrum components on different cancer cell lines.
| Component of bovine colostrum | Cancer type | Dose | Result | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lactoferrin | Gastric cancer (AGS human stomach carcinoma cell) | 500 μg/ml | Caused 80% cytotoxicity in AGS cell line | (Amiri et al., 2015) |
| Lactoferrin | Human esophagus cancer cell (KYSE-30 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) | 500 μg/ml | Inhibited the development of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) by 53% and 80% after 20 and 62 h, respectively. | (Farziyan et al., 2016) |
| Liposomal bovine lactoferrin |
Colorectal cancer (RKO and RCN-9 human CRC cells) | ≥10 μg/ml | Significant inhibition of colon aberrant crypt foci growth occurred in the RKO and RCN-9 cells (P<0.01). | (Sugihara et al., 2017) |
| Bovine lactoperoxidase (LPO) and lactoferrin (LF) nanoparticles | Colorectal cancer (Caco-2), liver cancer (HepG-2), breast cancer (MCF-7), prostate cancer (PC-3). | 315-1388 μg/ml | Ten-fold suppression in NF-kB expression in Caco-2, HepG-2, and MCF-7; four-fold downregulation of NF-κB mRNA level in PC-3 cell lines; 15-fold decrease in Bcl-2 levels, as compared to treatment with 5-flurouracil. | (Abu-Serie and El-Fakharany, 2017) |
| Lactoferrin | Lung cancer (human lung cancer cell line, A549) | 0.9375-15 mg/ml | Decreased expression of VEGF mRNA and VEGF protein in a concentration-dependent manner. | (Tung et al., 2013) |
| Conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) | Ovarian cancer cells (SKOV-3 and A2780 cells) | 7 μM CLA for 48 to 72 h | Nine-fold increase in autophagolysosomes, G1 cell cycle arrest in SKOV-3 and A2780 cell lines by downregulation of E2F1. | (Shahzad et al., 2018) |
| Breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), colon cancer cell line (HT-29), (mouse fibroblast cell line Balb/3T3) | 0.1-100 µg/ml | Reduced anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression | (Niezgoda et al., 2017) |