Table 2.

Governors’ tweets, partisanship, and mobility

Panel A: Full sample
Outcome		Median minutes at home		Log minutes at home
Post stay-at-home message	10.409***	15.694***	0.034***	0.031**
	(3.542)	(4.697)	(0.009)	(0.014)
Post stay-at-home message $\times$ Trump vote margin		−1.679**		0.001
		(0.707)		(0.002)
Observations $R^2$	94,690	94,690	94,690	94,690
	0.984	0.984	0.997	0.997
County fixed effect (FE)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Day FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Demographics $\times$ Day FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Trump margin $\times$ Day FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
COVID controls	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Other tweets	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Orders	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Panel B: By county party
Outcome		Median time at home		Log time at home
County party	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep
Post stay-at-home message	21.217***	9.956***	0.041*	0.031***
	(7.634)	(3.243)	(0.020)	(0.009)
Observations $R^2$	14,708	79,982	14,708	79,982
	0.985	0.984	0.997	0.998
County FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Day FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Demographics $\times$ Day FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Trump margin $\times$ Day FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
COVID controls	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Other tweets	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Orders	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Panel C: Triple interactions
Outcome	Median time at home	Log time at home
Interaction	Continuous vote margin	Binary	Continuous vote margin	Binary
Post stay-at-home message	12.728**	9.978	0.009	−0.011
	(6.094)	(6.395)	(0.013)	(0.023)
Post stay-at-home message $\times$ Republican governor	6.464	23.380**	0.055**	0.115***
	(8.096)	(11.329)	(0.021)	(0.030)
Post stay-at-home message $\times$ Trump vote margin	0.964		0.008***
	(1.033)		(0.003)
Post stay-at-home message $\times$ Republican governor
$\times$ Trump vote margin	−4.460***		−0.014***
	(1.271)		(0.004)
Post stay-at-home message $\times$ Republican county		7.000		0.051**
		(4.540)		(0.022)
Post stay-at-home message $\times$ Republican governor
$\times$ Republican county		−42.820***		−0.138***
		(10.124)		(0.031)
Republican county $\times$ Day FE	No	Yes	No	Yes
Trump margin $\times$ Day FE	Yes	No	Yes	No
Republican governor $\times$ Day FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Republican county $\times$ Republican governor $\times$ Day FE	No	Yes	No	Yes
Trump margin $\times$ Republican governor $\times$ Day FE	Yes	No	Yes	No
COVID controls	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Other tweets	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Orders	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Observations $R^2$	94,690	94,690	94,690	94,690
	0.984	0.984	0.997	0.997

Standard errors in parentheses clustered at the state level. Sample is 96,690 county-days over the period 1 March to 31 March 2020. Treatment indicator equals 1 for all days after the governor of state s issues a tweet encouraging citizens to stay home. “Trump vote margin” is county i’s vote margin for President Trump in the 2016 election. Republican counties are those in which Trump’s vote margin in 2016 was greater than zero. County-level demographic controls are median age, log household income, population density, share of population over 65 y, share Black, share Hispanic, and share male. “COVID controls” include controls for county-level COVID cases and state-level COVID deaths. “Other tweets” includes controls for post-COVID and social distancing related tweets. “Orders” includes controls for whether the state has issued the following types of orders: emergency declarations, banning large gatherings, school closures, restaurant/bar closures, nonessential business closures, and stay-at-home orders. ***P <0.01, **P 003C0.05, *P 003C0.1.