Table 1.

Summary of cases with Wernicke’s encephalopathy with short bowel syndrome on total parenteral nutrition.

Case	Age (yr/d)	Sex	Country	Year	Underlying disease	TPN	MRI finding	Thiamin level	Thiamin treatment	Outcome
Bian et al. [11]	75 yr	F	China	2016	SBS secondary to gastrectomy	PN dependent without thiamin	High T2 intensity in both mammillary bodies and bilateral thalamus	Undetectable	NA	Improvement within 10 d and complete resolution in 29 d
Santarpia et al. [10]	20 yr	F	Italy	2009	SBS secondary to gastrectomy	TPN dependent without thiamin	Bilateral and symmetrical hyper-intensities in the subthalamus	Undetectable	100 mg IV daily	Improvement within 15 d and complete resolution in 40 d
Benidir et al. [8]	8 yr	F	Canada	2014	SBS secondary to gastroschisis	TPN dependent without thiamin supplementation for 3 months	Symmetric lesions of the basal ganglia, mammillary bodies and peri-aqueductal region of the midbrain	Undetectable	100 mg IV daily	Complete resolution within 48 h
Roilides et al. [9]	3 yr	M	Greece	2019	SBS secondary to NEC gastrectomy for double volvulus	PN dependent with 3.1 mg thiamin	Bilateral symmetric hyper-intense signals in the peri-aqueductal area and both medial thalami	10 μg/L (normal levels, 28–85)	25 mg IM daily	Improvement within 48 hr and complete resolution in 96 hr
Present case	3 d	M	China	2019	SBS secondary to gastroschisis	PN dependent with 3.0 mg thiamin	Symmetric lesions of the basal ganglia, caudate nucleus head, thalamus medial margin symmetry	19.7 nmol/L (normal levels, 41.5–108.9 nmol/L)	100 mg IV daily	Improvement within 72 hr and complete resolution in 96 hr

F – Female; IM – intramuscular; IV – intravenous; M – Male; MRI – magnetic resonance imaging; NA – not applicable; NEC – necrotizing enterocolitis; PN – parenteral nutrition; SBS – short bowel syndrome; TPN – total parenteral nutrition.