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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Oct 5.
Published in final edited form as: Tob Control. 2020 May;29(Suppl 3):s178–s190. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055573

Table 1c:

Weighted Percentage of Tobacco and Product-Specific Initiation at W3 Among W2 Never Users.

W2 (2014/15 W2 (2014/15)
P12M Initiation P30D Initiation Frequent P30D Initiation
Youth Weighted % 95%CI Weighted % 95%CI Weighted % 95%CI
Never tobacco use 8.9 (8.3–9.6) 3.6 (3.1–4.0) 0.6 (0.5–0.8)
Never cigarette use 4.2a,b,d (3.8–4.6) 1.9a,b,d (1.6–2.3) 0.2b,c (0.2–0.3)
Never ENDS use 6.5a,e,f,g (6.0–7.1) 2.7a,e,f,g (2.3–3.1) 0.4e,f,g (0.3–0.6)
Never hookah use 2.6b,e,h,i (2.4–3.0) 0.9b,e,h (0.7–1.1) 0.1†b,e (0.0–0.1)
Never cigar use 3.6f,h,j (3.2–4.0) 1.5f,h,j (1.3–1.8) 0.0†c,f,j (0.0–0.1)
Never smokeless use 1.7d,g,i,j (1.5–2.0) 0.7d,g,j (0.6–0.9) 0.2g,j (0.1–0.3)
Young adults Weighted % 95%CI Weighted % 95%CI Weighted % 95%CI
Never tobacco use 11.4 (9.5–13.6) 6.3 (5.1–7.8) 0.6 (0.3–1.0)
Never cigarette use 5.3d (4.6–6.2) 3.0d (2.4–3.6) 0.4† (0.2–0.8)
Never ENDS use 6.2g (5.5–7.1) 3.6g (2.9–4.4) 0.2† (0.1–0.5)
Never hookah use 6.3i (5.3–7.5) 2.4i (1.9–3.2) 0.1† (0.0–0.2)
Never cigar use 5.8j (5.1–6.6) 3.6j (3.0–4.4) 0.2† (0.1–0.4)
Never smokeless use 1.4d,g,i,j (1.1–1.8) 0.8d,g,i,j (0.6–1.1) 0.1† (0.1–0.3)
Adults 25+ Weighted % 95%CI Weighted % 95%CI Weighted % 95%CI
Never tobacco use 1.8 (1.2–2.8) 1.3 (0.7–2.2) 0.2† (0.0–0.6)
Never cigarette use 1.2d (0.8–1.8) 0.9 (0.5–1.6) 0.2† (0.1–0.5)
Never ENDS use 1.4e,g (1.2–1.6) 0.9e,g (0.8–1.1) 0.2e,g (0.1–0.2)
Never hookah use 0.6e,h (0.4–0.8) 0.3e,h (0.2–0.5) 0.0†e (0.0–0.0)
Never cigar use 1.4h,j (1.1–1.7) 0.9h,j (0.7–1.1) 0.2† (0.1–0.3)
Never smokeless use 0.4d,g,j (0.3–0.5) 0.3g,j (0.2–0.4) 0.0†g (0.0–0.1)

Notes:

Abbreviations: W3 = Wave 3; W2 = Wave 2; P12M = past 12-month; P30D = past 30-day; CI = confidence interval; ENDS* = electronic nicotine delivery system

W2 total group unweighted denominators (P12M initiation/P30D initiation/Frequent P30D initiation):

Never tobacco use – youth (ages 12–17): 8,087/8,064/8,039; young adults (ages 18–24): 1,680/1,683/1,669; adults 25+ (ages 25 and older): 2,111/2,116/2,111

Never cigarette use - youth: 9,954/9,950/9,945; young adults: 2,985/2,986/2,979; adults 25+: 3,083/3,085/3,081

Never ENDS use - youth: 9,651/9,643/9,629; young adults: 3,715/3,716/3,701; adults 25+: 10,870/10,879/10,836

Never hookah use - youth: 10,520/10,520/10,507; young adults: 3,395/3,397/3,394; adults 25+: 13,221/13,228/13,216

Never cigar use - youth: 10,267/10,251/10,241; young adults: 3,377/3,380/3,349; adults 25+: 7,570/7,579/7,548

Never smokeless use - youth: 10,497/10,496/10,490; young adults: 5,825/5,829/5,819; adults 25+: 13,749/13,771/13,741

Analysis included youth, young adult, and adult 25+ W2 never tobacco or tobacco product users with data at W2 and W3. Respondent age was calculated based on age at W2. W3 longitudinal (all-waves) weights were used to calculate estimates.

Never tobacco/product initiation is defined as not having used any tobacco or the specific product, even once or twice in lifetime.

1) P12M initiation: Defined as a never user at W2 who used any tobacco or the specific product within the past 12 months at W3.

2) P30D initiation (a subset of P12M initiation): Defined as a never user at W2 who used any tobacco or the specific product within the past 30 days at W3.

3) Frequent P30D initiation (a subset of P30D initiation): Defined as a never user at W2 who used any tobacco or the specific product within the past 30 days on at least 20 or more days at W3.

All significance testswere done between product initiations only (not any tobacco initiation).

a

denotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between cigarette and ENDS

b

denotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between cigarette and hookah

c

denotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between cigarette and cigar

d

denotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between cigarette and smokeless

e

denotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between ENDS and hookah

f

denotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between ENDS and cigar

g

denotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between ENDS and smokeless

h

denotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between hookah and cigar

i

denotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between hookah and smokeless

j

denotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between cigar and smokeless

*

Respondents were asked about “e-cigarettes” at Wave 1 and “e-products” (i.e., e-cigarettes, e-cigars, e-pipes, and e-hookah) at W2 and W3.

The logit-transformation method was used to calculate the 95% CIs.

†

Estimate should be interpreted with caution because it has low statistical precision. It is based on a denominator sample size of less than 50, or the coefficient of variation of the estimate or its complement is larger than 30%.

Analyses were run on the W2 and W3 Public Use Files (https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36498.v8).