Table 1.
Basic and clinical patient characteristics, treatment, and outcome.
| Patient No. | Age (years) | Sex | Underlying diseases | Smoking history | ACE-I or ARB medication | Principal symptoms | Maximum body temperature (°C) | Arterial oxygen saturation on admission (ambient air) | Oxygen support |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 68 | M | CKD, HT, bladder cancer, renal pelvic cancer | Past | No | fever, headache, fatigue, diarrhea, vomiting, cough, dyspnea, myalgia, arthralgia, hypogeusia | 38.3 | 91% | Low-flow nasal cannula |
| 2 | 71 | F | DM, HL, HT | Current | Yes | Loss of appetite, loss of consciousness, dyspnea | 38.1 | 93% | Low-flow nasal cannula |
| 3 | 49 | F | HT | Current | Yes | fever, headache, arthralgia, dyspnea | 39.6 | 85% | Low-flow nasal cannula |
| 4 | 60 | M | None | Past | No | fever, cough, fatigue | 39.8 | 85% | Low-flow nasal cannula |
| 5 | 51 | M | None | Unknown | No | fever, dyspnea, rhinorrhea, fatigue, headache, myalgia, hypogeusia | 40 | 96% | None |
| Day of starting triple therapy from symptom onset | Daily dose and duration of hydroxychloroquine | Daily dose and duration of azithromycin | Daily dose and duration of ciclesonide | Other antibiotic treatment | Additional treatment | Time to fever and respiratory symptoms normalization | Adverse event | Time from administering triplet therapy to development of adverse events | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 | 400 mg for 10 days | 500 mg IV for 3 days | 2 × 200 mcg puffs tds for 14 days | CTRX | None | 4 days | None | – | Cure |
| 6 | 200 mg for 10 days | 500 mg IV for 3 days | 2 × 200 mcg puffs tds for 10 days | CTRX | None | 7 days | None | – | Cure |
| 8 | 200 mg for 8 days | 500 mg po for 3 days | 2 × 200 mcg puffs tds for 16 days | CTRX | DMX | 11 days | QTc prolongation | 8 days | Cure |
| 13 | 200 mg for 10 days | 2 g po for 1 days | 2 × 200 mcg puffs tds for 5 days | CTRX, TAZ/PIPC | Favipiravir | – | None | – | Intubation |
| 14 | 400 mg for 5 days | 500 mg po for 3 days | 2 × 200 mcg puffs bd for 12 days | CTRX | None | 3 days | Liver dysfunction | 5 days | Cure |
Abbreviations: ACE-I, angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CKD, chronic kidney disease; HL, hyperlipidemia; HT, hypertension; bd, twice a day; CTRX, ceftriaxone; DMX, dexamethasone; IV, intravenously; po, per os (oral); TAZ/PIPC, tazobactam and piperacillin; tds, 3 times a day.