TABLE 3.
Proportional hazards | Non-proportional hazards, curves cross | Non-proportional hazards, early survival difference | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Strength of association | Proportion exposed, % | IPW | Pseudo | ANCOVA | IPW | Pseudo | ANCOVA | IPW | Pseudo | ANCOVA |
Weak, βz=log(1.25) |
0.05 | 0.070 | 0.317 | 0.317 | −0.036 | 0.386 | 0.386 | 0.023 | 0.072 | 0.072 |
0.10 | 0.027 | 0.273 | 0.273 | −0.027 | 0.282 | 0.282 | 0.011 | 0.090 | 0.090 | |
0.20 | 0.026 | 0.219 | 0.219 | 0.001 | 0.182 | 0.182 | 0.008 | 0.091 | 0.091 | |
0.30 | 0.005 | 0.166 | 0.166 | −0.006 | 0.089 | 0.089 | −0.002 | 0.091 | 0.091 | |
0.40 | 0.009 | 0.116 | 0.116 | −0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | −0.008 | 0.073 | 0.073 | |
0.50 | −0.009 | 0.040 | 0.040 | −0.012 | −0.054 | −0.054 | 0.009 | 0.067 | 0.067 | |
Moderate, βz=log(1.5) |
0.05 | 0.073 | 0.233 | 0.233 | −0.033 | 0.461 | 0.461 | 0.038 | 0.038 | 0.038 |
0.10 | 0.020 | 0.217 | 0.217 | −0.020 | 0.356 | 0.356 | 0.007 | 0.044 | 0.044 | |
0.20 | 0.011 | 0.174 | 0.174 | −0.003 | 0.204 | 0.204 | 0.002 | 0.069 | 0.069 | |
0.30 | 0.002 | 0.124 | 0.124 | 0.002 | 0.096 | 0.096 | 0.010 | 0.075 | 0.075 | |
0.40 | 0.010 | 0.090 | 0.090 | −0.009 | 0.011 | 0.011 | −0.002 | 0.067 | 0.067 | |
0.50 | 0.015 | 0.046 | 0.046 | −0.004 | −0.072 | −0.072 | 0.009 | 0.061 | 0.061 | |
Strong, βz=log(2.0) |
0.05 | 0.045 | 0.150 | 0.150 | −0.044 | 0.877 | 0.877 | 0.022 | −0.029 | −0.029 |
0.10 | 0.011 | 0.146 | 0.146 | −0.056 | 0.614 | 0.614 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.008 | |
0.20 | 0.006 | 0.126 | 0.126 | 0.011 | 0.350 | 0.350 | −0.001 | 0.036 | 0.036 | |
0.30 | 0.005 | 0.100 | 0.100 | −0.032 | 0.120 | 0.120 | 0.010 | 0.050 | 0.050 | |
0.40 | −0.001 | 0.076 | 0.076 | −0.011 | −0.026 | −0.026 | 0.004 | 0.055 | 0.055 | |
0.50 | −0.006 | 0.041 | 0.041 | −0.005 | −0.188 | −0.188 | 0.000 | 0.053 | 0.053 |