Table 1.
Commonly encountered psychological issues and suggested interventions
| Psychological issues | Interventions |
|---|---|
| Fear, anxiety, adjustment disorders, depression | Psychological first aid |
| Support, rapport, reassurance | |
| Timely information | |
| Normalizing stress and grief | |
| Supporting positive thoughts and coping | |
| Empowering decision-making, sense of control | |
| Teaching mindfulness, relaxation, yoga to reduce stress, and hyperarousal | |
| Maintaining sleep hygiene | |
| Normalizing anger while reducing anger-driven behaviors | |
| Establishing connectedness through social media | |
| Pharmacological | |
| Benzodiazepines, with selection based on availability, half-life, duration of action | |
| SSRI | |
| SNRI | |
| Noradrenergic and selective serotonergic antidepressant | |
| Grief and bereavement | Grief and loss counseling |
| Bereavement follow-up | |
| PTSD | Nonpharmacological intervention |
| CBT | |
| EMDR | |
| Pharmacological intervention | |
| SSRI/SNRI | |
| Quetiapine monotherapy | |
| Alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker – prazosin |
SSRI: Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor, SNRI: Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, CBT: Cognitive behavior therapy, EMDR: Exposure therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, PTSD: Posttraumatic stress disorder