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TAK1 inflammatory signalling pathways. TAK1 is activated by many inflammatory signalling ligands, such as TNF and LPS which bind TNF-receptor 1 (TNFR1) and toll-like receptor (TLR4). Following upstream ligand stimulation, TAK1 complexes with its adapter proteins TAK-binding protein 1 (TAB1) as well as TAB2 and 3. TAK1 phosphorylation leads to activation of downstream inflammatory signalling including nuclear factor (NF-κβ), p38 and JNK.
