Table 1.

Genetic inhibition of autophagy impairs glioblastoma development in mice (genetically engineered mouse model, GEMM; glioblastoma stem cells, GSCs).

model	autophagy inhibition	effects on tumour development	reference
RCAS/TVA GEMM (KRASG12D, Cdkn2a−/−)	shRNA targeting: Atg7, Atg13, Ulk1	impeded tumour initiation	[81]
patient-derived GSCs xenograft	shRNA targeting: ATG4B	impaired tumour growth by GSCs expressing high MST4 levels	[82]