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Cardiovascular involvements by SRAS-CoV2 infection include direct damage (such as myocarditis, heart failure, and arrhythmia) and indirect damage (such as thromboembolism and metabolic disorder). Direct damage may be mediated through downregulation of ACE2, vascular endothelial cell dysfunction, microvascular dysfunction, pericyte injury, and hypoxemia. Indirect damage may be mediated through the release of cytokines (interleukin 6…), coagulopathy, and insulin resistance.
