Table 4.

Area under the curve (AUC) and lactate/albumin ratio cutoff thresholds for in-hospital mortality among different patient subgroups.

	AUC for in-hospital mortality (95% CI)			Lactate/albumin ratio cut-off threshold
	Lactate	L/A ratio	p	Cut-off threshold	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV
Overall	0.61 (0.57–0.65)	0.67 (0.63–0.70)	<0.001	1.22	0.59	0.62	0.57	0.70
Septic shock	0.59 (0.55–0.64)	0.66 (0.61–0.70)	<0.001	1.47	0.60	0.67	0.62	0.65
Lactate levels
Lactate <2 mmol/L	0.50 (0.43–0.58)	0.63 (0.55–0.71)	0.001	0.54	0.63	0.58	0.82	0.71
Lactate ≥2 mmol/L	0.61 (0.56–0.65)	0.67 (0.63–0.72)	<0.001	1.44	0.65	0.65	0.62	0.67
Albumin levels
Albumin <3 g/dL	0.61 (0.56–0.66)	0.65 (0.60–0.69)	<0.001	1.44	0.54	0.69	0.66	0.58
Albumin ≥3 g/dL	0.58 (0.50–0.66)	0.59 (0.51–0.67)	0.42	1.47	0.32	0.87	0.48	0.77
Patient subgroups
Renal dysfunction	0.58 (0.50–0.67)	0.62 (0.54–0.71)	0.009	1.51	0.36	0.87	0.71	0.59
Hepatic dysfunction	0.55 (0.29–0.82)	0.60 (0.33–0.86)	0.27	1.41	0.64	0.71	0.82	0.50
Infection site
Respiratory	0.62 (0.56–0.68)	0.66 (0.61–0.72)	<0.001	1.39	0.51	0.79	0.73	0.59
Urinary tract	0.56 (0.48–0.63)	0.64 (0.57–0.71)	<0.001	0.85	0.69	0.54	0.50	0.73
Intravascular indwelling device	0.61 (0.52–0.71)	0.69 (0.60–0.78)	<0.001	1.44	0.64	0.71	0.51	0.81
Gastrointestinal	0.71 (0.62–0.81)	0.75 (0.66–0.85)	<0.001	1.43	0.63	0.83	0.70	0.78
Skin	0.62 (0.43–0.82)	0.69 (0.51–0.88)	0.06	1.08	0.93	0.58	0.62	0.92
Heart	0.78 (0.54–1.00)	0.89 (0.72–1.00)	0.01	0.83	0.78	1.00	1.00	0.78
Gallbladder	0.49 (0.19–0.78)	0.46 (0.14–0.77)	0.76	2.40	0.17	1.00	1.00	0.75
Surgical site	0.52 (0.30–0.87)	0.58 (0.28–0.88)	0.56	1.64	0.64	0.71	0.78	0.56

PPV = positive predictive value, NPV = negative predictive value.