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. 2020 Sep 22;8:561703. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.561703

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Copyright © 2020 Xu, Liu, Chen, Ye, Chen, Li and Wu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic elucidation of m6A modification in the regulation of gene expression. The m6A modification is catalyzed by methyltransferases METTL3/14, Wilms tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP). The demethylases fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and AlkB homolog 5 (FTO/ALKBH5) demethylated the bases modified by m6A. Methylated reader proteins recognize the mRNA modified by m6A, thereby activating downstream pathways by different reader proteins. After modified by methyltransferases, eIF3 proteins promote mRNA translation. HNRNPA2B1 regulates the processing of the pre-miRNA and pri-miRNA. Further, YTHDF1-3, YTHDC1-2 can regulate the processes of RNA translation, degradation, and splicing.