Table 4. Effect of Early Noninvasive Cardiac Testing (NIT) on Death or Acute Myocardial Infarction (MI) in High Cardiac Risk Subgroup.
| Subgroups | No. | Adjusted risk, mean (SE) | Risk reduction, early NIT adjusted risk − control adjusted risk, mean (95% CI)a | P value | NNT absolute risk reduction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No early NIT (control) | Early NIT (treatment) | |||||
| Age >65 y | 27 169 | 0.01 (0.002) | 0.005 (0.006) | −0.005 (−0.016 to 0.007) | .43 | NAc |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 44 612 | 0.004 (0.001) | 0.001 (0.001) | −0.004 (−0.007 to −0.0006)b | .018 | 1/0.004 = 250b |
| Male | 31 605 | 0.007 (0.001) | 0.001 (0.001) | −0.005 (−0.007 to −0.003)b | <.001 | 1/0.005 = 200b |
| Quit smoking | 22 711 | 0.01 (0.004) | 0.002 (0.002) | −0.008 (−0.016 to −0.0004)b | .04 | 1/0.008 = 125b |
| Active/passive smoker | 5596 | 0.005 (0.001) | 0.001 (0.0004) | −0.004 (−0.006 to −0.002)b | .001 | 1/0.004 = 250b |
| Obese | 32 728 | 0.004 (0.001) | 0.0005 (0.0001) | −0.003 (−0.006 to −0.0013)b | .002 | 1/0.003 = 333b |
| CAD | 13 883 | 0.015 (0.002) | 0.007 (0.009) | −0.008 (−0.03 to 0.01) | .42 | NAc |
| Elevated troponin | 2828 | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.006 (0.002) | −0.07 (−0.12 to −0.013)b | .015 | 1/0.07 = 14b |
| Family history of CAD | 25 695 | 0.007 (0.002) | 0.001 (0.0002) | −0.006 (−0.01 to −0.0004)b | .033 | 1/0.006 = 167b |
| Medication | ||||||
| Antidiabetic | 12 413 | 0.009 (0.002) | 0.0012 (0.0009) | −0.008 (−0.011 to −0.004)b | <.001 | 1/0.008 = 125b |
| Antihypertension | 33 367 | 0.009 (0.002) | 0.001 (0.0004) | −0.008 (−0.012 to −0.004)b | <.001 | 1/0.008 = 125b |
| Antihyperlipidemia | 23 758 | 0.009 (0.002) | 0.002 (0.002) | −0.007 (−0.013 to −0.001)b | .027 | 1/0.007 = 143b |
| Anticoagulation | 7431 | 0.01 (0.002) | 0.003 (0.002) | −0.009 (−0.015 to −0.002)b | .007 | 1/0.009 = 111b |
Abbreviations: CAD, coronary artery disease; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events; NNT, number needed to treat.
a
Except for each subgroup stratification variable, models adjusted for age, sex, race, smoking, BMI, self and family history of CAD, initial troponin, antidiabetic medication, anticoagulant medication, antihyperlipidemia medication, antihypertension medication, and Elixhauser comorbidities.
b
Statistically significant differences.
c
Difference in event rates are not statistically significant at α = 0.05 and the 95% CI contains zero.