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In the absence of CRISPRi, transcription factors and RNA polymerase bind to the transcription start site (TSS), which leads to gene expression. Using CRISPRi, a “dead” Cas9 (dCas9) fused to a Krüppel associated box (KRAB) domain complexes with a gRNA that is complementary to a promoter or exonic sequence. This complex does not create a DSB and instead sterically blocks gene transcription.
