Table 2.
Prevalence of CKD, low eGFR, high urinary albumin-creatinine ratio, and hypertension by postoperative AKI status, from 3 mo to 4 yr after cardiac surgery discharge
| Outcomes | Outcome Prevalence by Presence of Postoperative AKI Stage 1 or Worse versus No AKI, n/total (%) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Mo | 12 Mo | 24 Mo | 36 Mo | 48 Mo | ||||||
| AKI | No AKI | AKI | No AKI | AKI | No AKI | AKI | No AKI | AKI | No AKI | |
| CKD | 12/49 (24) | 10/60 (17) | 15/51 (29) | 17/59 (29) | 10/48 (21) | 14/56 (25) | 8/43 (19) | 10/55 (18) | 7/42 (17) | 9/54 (17) |
| Low eGFRa | 2/51 (4) | 4/61 (7) | 2/53 (4) | 5/58 (9) | 1/49 (2) | 3/56 (5) | 1/45 (2) | 3/54 (6) | 0/43 (0) | 5/53 (9) |
| High UACRa | 11/54 (20) | 7/65 (11) | 13/52 (25) | 12/62 (19) | 9/52 (17) | 12/58 (21) | 8/47 (17) | 7/57 (12) | 7/45 (16) | 4/56 (7) |
| Systolic and/or diastolic hypertension | 19/45 (42)b | 14/64 (22) | 22/45 (49)c | 10/57 (18) | 15/47 (32) | 13/59 (22) | 9/44 (20) | 12/56 (21) | 11/46 (24) | 12/57 (21) |
| Hypertension and/or CKDa | 29/46 (63)b | 22/59 (37) | 27/46 (59) | 23/58 (40) | 21/44 (48) | 24/56 (43) | 15/40 (38) | 20/54 (37) | 16/42 (38) | 18/55 (33) |
| Outcomes | Outcome Prevalence by Presence of Postoperative AKI Stage 2 or Worse versus No AKI or Stage 1 AKI, n/total (%) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Mo | 12 Mo | 24 Mo | 36 Mo | 48 Mo | ||||||
| ≥Stage 2 AKI | No AKI or Stage 1 | ≥Stage 2 AKI | No AKI or Stage 1 | ≥Stage 2 AKI | No AKI or Stage 1 | ≥Stage 2 AKI | No AKI or Stage 1 | ≥Stage 2 AKI | No AKI or Stage 1 | |
| CKD | 5/23 (22) | 17/86 (20) | 8/24 (33) | 24/86 (28) | 2/23 (9) | 22/81 (27) | 5/17 (29) | 13/81 (16) | 3/18 (17) | 13/78 (17) |
| Low eGFRa | 2/23 (9) | 4/89 (5) | 1/26 (4) | 6/85 (7) | 0/24 (0) | 4/81 (5) | 1/19 (5) | 3/80 (4) | 0/19 (0) | 5/77 (6) |
| High UACRa | 4/27 (15) | 14/92 (15) | 7/25 (28) | 18/89 (20) | 2/25 (8) | 19/85 (22) | 5/20 (25) | 10/84 (12) | 3/20 (15) | 8/81 (10) |
| Systolic and/or diastolic hypertension | 11/22b (50) | 22/87 (25) | 14/22c (64) | 18/80 (23) | 8/22 (36) | 20/84 (24) | 5/20 (25) | 16/80 (20) | 6/21 (29) | 17/82 (21) |
| Hypertension and/or CKDa | 14/21 (67) | 37/84 (44) | 15/22b (68) | 35/82 (43) | 8/20 (40) | 37/80 (46) | 9/17 (53) | 26/77 (34) | 8/18 (44) | 26/79 (33) |
CKD defined as low GFR, estimated using serum creatinine or high UACR. UACR, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio.
a
Note that composite outcome participant numbers will differ from the numbers for the components of the composite outcomes (e.g., CKD total, versus totals for low eGFR and high UACR).
b
P<0.05
c
P<0.005, for difference in proportion with outcome between AKI and non-AKI groups or between stage 2 or worse AKI versus no AKI/stage 1 groups.