Fig. (1).

Illustration depicting various kinds of interactions between plant-pathogen and plant and beneficial organisms in the environment. The figure depicts interactions between plants, mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria. There are different types of interactions between plants and microbes ranging from beneficial interactions (nitrogen fixation, allocation of nutrients and plant defense) to plant-pathogen interactions (inducing bacterial, fungal and viral infections in plants). (A higher resolution / colour version of this figure is available in the electronic copy of the article).