Table 1.
Patient demographics between groups before and after propensity score matching.
| Variable | Before matching | After matching | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group I (n=66) | Group S (n=95) | P-value | Group I (n=58) | Group S (n=58) | P-value | |
| Age, yr | 70.2±4.3 | 70.3±4.1 | 0.856 | 70.2±4.1 | 70.2±3.7 | 0.962 |
| Male, n (%) | 43 (65.2) | 67 (70.5) | 0.471 | 39 (67.2) | 39 (67.2) | 1.000 |
| Weight, kg | 60.4±10.1 | 61.6±12.1 | 0.504 | 61.0±10.2 | 58.9±9.9 | 0.249 |
| Height, cm | 164.6±7.5 | 164.3±7.9 | 0.756 | 165.0±7.4 | 163.2±7.0 | 0.176 |
| BMI | 22.2±3.0 | 22.7±3.1 | 0.365 | 22.3±3.0 | 22.0±3.0 | 0.584 |
| ASA classification ≥3, n (%) | 32 (48.5) | 53 (55.8) | 0.361 | 28 (48.3) | 29 (50.0) | 1.000 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 23 (34.8) | 31 (32.6) | 0.770 | 19 (32.8) | 16 (27.6) | 0.544 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 25 (37.9) | 30 (31.6) | 0.407 | 22 (37.9) | 21 (36.2) | 0.848 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 9 (13.6) | 5 (5.3) | 0.064 | 8 (13.8) | 4 (6.9) | 0.361 |
| COPD, n (%) | 17 (25.8) | 22 (23.2) | 0.705 | 14 (24.1) | 9 (15.5) | 0.244 |
| Organic brain disease, n (%) | 9 (13.6) | 22 (23.2) | 0.132 | 8 (13.8) | 13 (22.4) | 0.228 |
| Previous malignancy, n (%) | 4 (6.1) | 1 (1.1) | 0.180 | 4 (6.9) | 0 (0) | 0.119 |
| Anesthtic technique | ||||||
| TIVA only, n (%) | 17 (25.8) | 23 (24.2) | 17 (29.3) | 13 (22.4) | ||
| TIVA with PVB, n (%) | 34 (51.5) | 60 (63.2) | 0.191 | 30 (51.7) | 37 (63.8) | 0.419 |
| TIVA with EA, n (%) | 15 (22.7) | 12 (12.6) | 11 (19.0) | 8 (13.8) | ||
| Minimally invasive approach, n (%) | 19 (13.6) | 38 (0.40) | 0.143 | 18 (31.0) | 20 (34.5) | 0.692 |
| Type of surgical procedure | ||||||
| Sweet, n (%) | 44 (66.7) | 51 (53.7) | 37 (63.8) | 33 (56.9) | ||
| McKeown, n (%) | 21 (31.8) | 42 (44.2) | 0.257 | 20 (34.5) | 24 (41.4) | 0.744 |
| Ivor-Lewis, n (%) | 1 (1.5) | 2 (2.1) | 1 (1.7) | 1 (1.7) | ||
| Duration of anesthesia1, min | 252.2±52.5 | 268.2±60.6 | 0.084 | 251.2±54.5 | 268.7±65.2 | 0.119 |
| Duration of surgery2, min | 221 (200–272) | 240 (212–283) | 0.045 | 220 (196–274) | 239 (209–278) | 0.104 |
| Intraoperative fluid infusion, ml | 2164±481 | 2292±611 | 0.142 | 2178±501 | 2213±580 | 0.731 |
Values are expressed as mean±SD, n (%), or median (IQR). Groups: I, BIS indices maintained at about 10 less than the BIS value at LOC; S, BIS indices maintained at 40–60. LOC – loss of consciousness; BMI – body weight index; BIS – bispectral index; ASA – American Society of Anesthesiologist; COPD – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; TIVA – total intravenous anesthesia; PVB – paravertebral block; EA, epidural anesthesia.
1
Duration of anesthesia: the time from anesthetic induction to the termination of propofol infusion;
2
Duration of surgery: the time from skin incision to skin suture.