Table 1:
Descriptive characteristics of treatment episodes with heroin or other opioids reported as primary substances at treatment admission (TEDS-D, 2014–2017, n=1,400,808)
| MAT status |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Total | Did not receive MAT n=1,004,724 (72%) | Received MAT n=396,084 (28%) | x2 | p | |
| n | % | col % | col % | |||
| Residence in Medicaid expansion state | 34720.96 | <0.0001 | ||||
| No | 246,826 | 17.62 | 21.39 | 8.07 | ||
| Yes | 1,153,982 | 82.38 | 78.61 | 91.93 | ||
| Dual mental health diagnosis | 1470.90 | <0.0001 | ||||
| No | 914,452 | 65.28 | 66.25 | 62.82 | ||
| Yes | 486,356 | 34.72 | 33.75 | 37.18 | ||
| Race/ethnicity/gender | 14755.52 | <0.0001 | ||||
| White men | 646,064 | 46.12 | 48.42 | 40.28 | ||
| White women | 423,905 | 30.26 | 30.34 | 30.06 | ||
| Hispanic men | 146,379 | 10.45 | 9.46 | 12.96 | ||
| Hispanic women | 48,373 | 3.45 | 2.89 | 4.88 | ||
| Black men | 81,499 | 5.82 | 5.55 | 6.49 | ||
| Black women | 37,948 | 2.71 | 2.19 | 4.03 | ||
| AIAN men | 7,881 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.58 | ||
| AIAN women | 8,759 | 0.63 | 0.59 | 0.73 | ||
| Year | 5927.37 | <0.0001 | ||||
| 2014 | 242,643 | 17.32 | 18.60 | 14.09 | ||
| 2015 | 407,824 | 29.11 | 29.59 | 27.91 | ||
| 2016 | 419,248 | 29.93 | 29.27 | 31.59 | ||
| 2017 | 331,093 | 23.64 | 22.54 | 26.41 | ||
| Covariates | ||||||
| Age group | 28305.36 | <0.0001 | ||||
| 18–29 | 533,706 | 38.10 | 40.81 | 31.22 | ||
| 30–39 | 490,655 | 35.06 | 35.78 | 33.12 | ||
| 40–49 | 212,879 | 15.20 | 14.20 | 17.72 | ||
| 50+ | 163,568 | 11.68 | 9.21 | 17.94 | ||
| Education | 1775.33 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Less than high school | 361,282 | 25.79 | 24.83 | 28.23 | ||
| HS completion | 683,666 | 48.81 | 49.27 | 47.62 | ||
| Some college | 294,969 | 21.06 | 21.47 | 20.02 | ||
| College completion | 60,891 | 4.35 | 4.43 | 4.13 | ||
| Primary opioid at admission | 7067.93 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Heroin | 1,127,347 | 80.48 | 78.71 | 84.96 | ||
| Prescription or other opioids | 273,461 | 19.52 | 21.29 | 15.04 | ||
| Intravenous drug user at admission | ||||||
| No | 392,538 | 28.02 | 28.07 | 27.90 | 4.43 | 0.04 |
| Yes | 1,008,270 | 71.98 | 71.93 | 72.10 | ||
| Alcohol reported at admission | 9210.98 | <0.0001 | ||||
| No | 1,168,972 | 83.45 | 81.56 | 88.25 | ||
| Yes | 231,836 | 16.55 | 18.44 | 11.75 | ||
| Cocaine reported at admission | 254.82 | <0.0001 | ||||
| No | 1,075,468 | 76.77 | 77.13 | 75.87 | ||
| Yes | 325,340 | 23.23 | 22.87 | 24.13 | ||
| Methamphetamine reported at admission | 1718.54 | <0.0001 | ||||
| No | 1,257,633 | 89.78 | 89.11 | 91.47 | ||
| Yes | 143,175 | 10.22 | 10.89 | 8.53 | ||
| Treatment referral source | 54555.88 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Individual/self-referred | 782,655 | 55.87 | 50.80 | 68.75 | ||
| Substance abuse or HC provider | 280,565 | 20.03 | 20.43 | 19.01 | ||
| School, EAP, or community | 101,808 | 7.27 | 7.78 | 5.98 | ||
| Criminal justice system | 235,780 | 16.83 | 21.00 | 6.27 | ||