Table II.
Small-Molecule BCG Mimics with Potential Antiviral Effects
| Compound | Score† | Description | Validation‡ |
|---|---|---|---|
| prostratin | 98.65 | PKC activator | Antiviral (34) |
| ingenol | 98.52 | PKC activator | Antiviral (33) |
| raltegravir | 97.85 | HIV integrase inhibitor | Antiviral (93) |
| emetine | 97.25 | Protein synthesis inhibitor | SARS-CoV-2 (38) |
| phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate | 96.72 | PKC activator | Antiviral (36,37) |
| mebendazole | 95.32 | Tubulin inhibitor | Antiviral (94) |
| lopinavir | 95.06 | HIV protease inhibitor | SARS-CoV-2 (38,39) |
| MST-312 | 95.04 | Telomerase inhibitor | Antiviral (36,37,39) |
| narciclasine | 94.71 | Coflilin signaling pathway activator | Antiviral (40) |
| verrucarin-a | 94.51 | Protein synthesis inhibitor | Antiviral (95) |
| anisomycin | 94.40 | DNA synthesis inhibitor | Corona viruses (96) |
| azacitidine | 94.29 | DNA methyltransferase inhibitor | Antiviral (97) |
| cytochalasin-b | 93.90 | Microtubule inhibitor | Antiviral (98) |
| cephaeline | 93.88 | Protein synthesis inhibitor | Antiviral (99) |
| homoharringtonine | 93.42 | Protein synthesis inhibitor | Antiviral (100) |
| ruxolitinib | 92.81 | JAK inhibitor | COVID-19 CT§ |
| HU-211 | 92.64 | Glutamate receptor antagonist | Unknown |
| vinblastine | 92.36 | Microtubule inhibitor | Unknown |
| RO-28-1675 | 92.12 | Glucokinase activator | Unknown |
| vincristine | 91.61 | Tubulin inhibitor | Unknown |
†Score refer to the CMap score. It represents the level of similarity between transcriptional effects induced by BCG and each of the compounds
‡ Validation refers to the presence of any supporting evidence from the biomedical literature that the predicted BCG mimics have any antiviral activities. Antiviral means there is evidence that the compound is used as or has antiviral activity; SARS-CoV-2 means that the compound should antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2; Corona viruses means that the compound showed antiviral activity against corona viruses other than SARS-CoV-2
§ COVID-19 CT: there is evidence that the compound is being tested in clinical trials for COVID-19. There are 12 Studies found for Ruxolitinib in COVID-19 on clinicaltrials.gov.