Table 1.
Baseline and 6-month follow-up characteristics of all patients with Cushing’s syndrome
| Patient Characteristics | Reference Interval | n | Baseline | 6-month Remission | P-value Baseline vs 6-month Remission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, female/male | – | 88 | 69 (78%) /19 (22%) | – | – |
| Age, years | – | 88 | 49 [40; 59] | – | – |
| Diagnosis, pituitary/adrenal/ectopic | – | 88 | 49 (56%)/34 (38%)/5 (6%) | – | – |
| Time to remission from diagnosis, months | – | 88 | 2 [1; 5] | – | – |
| Time to remission from first symptoms, months | – | 88 | 25 [12; 74] | – | – |
| Pre-existing diabetes mellitus, yes/no | – | 88 | 22 (25%)/66 (75%) | – | – |
| Bone density, T-score | – | 46 | -1.6 [-2.0; -0.9] | – | – |
| BMI, kg/m2 | – | 88 | 29 [25; 33] | 27 [24; 31] | ≤0.001 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio, female | <0.85 | 61 | 0.94 [0.87; 1.02] | 0.91 [0.82; 0.96] | ≤0.001 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio, male | <0.90 | 19 | 1.04 [1.00; 1.12] | 0.93 [0.89; 0.98] | 0.008 |
| HbA1c, % | – | 86 | 5.9 [5.4; 6.4] | 5.5 [5.2; 6.1] | ≤0.001 |
| HOMA-Index | – | 72 | 3.3 [2.0; 5.0] | 2.4 [1.1; 4.7] | 0.341 |
| UFC, µg/24h | ≤83.0 | 86 | 366 [196; 708] | 35 [7; 61] | ≤0.001 |
| LNSC, ng/mL | ≤1.5 | 85 | 7.2 [3.5; 11.9] | 0.9 [0.4; 1.7] | ≤0.001 |
| DST, 1 mg | ≤2.0 | 86 | 14.2 [7.1; 23.5] | 1.1 [1.0; 1.7] | ≤0.001 |
| ACTH in pituitary CS, pg/mL | 4–50 | 49 | 54 [30; 91] | 11 [5; 19] | ≤0.001 |
| ACTH in adrenal CS, pg/mL | 4–50 | 34 | 4 [2; 5] | 9 [5; 20] | ≤0.001 |
| ACTH in ectopic CS, pg/mL | 4–50 | 5 | 103 [66; 253] | 11 [4; 23] | 0.043 |
Data are given as median and 25th and 75th percentile in brackets. Comparisons were performed by a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Bold P-values indicate statistical significance.
Abbreviations: ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; BMI, body mass index; CS, Cushing’s syndrome; DST, dexamethasone suppression test; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HOMA, Homeostasis Model Assessment; LNSC, late night salivary cortisol; UFC, urinary free cortisol.