Table 3.
Clinical outcomes: 1-year mortality after discharge in hospital survivors (n = 59 901)
| Outcome | Change in serum [Na+] during hospitalization (mEq/L) |
P-value for trend | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–1 | 2–3 | 4–5 | 6–7 | 8–9 | 10–11 | ≥12 | ||
| 1-year mortality (%) | 7.5 | 10.6 | 13.2 | 15.9 | 17.7 | 17.3 | 21.1 | |
| Mortality, HR (95% CI) | ||||||||
| Model 1: unadjusted | 1 (ref) | 1.43 (1.28–1.59) | 1.82 (1.64–2.02) | 2.23 (2.00–2.49) | 2.55 (2.27–2.86) | 2.46 (2.16–2.81) | 3.21 (2.87–3.61) | <0.001 |
| Model 2a | 1 (ref) | 1.25 (1.12–1.39) | 1.42 (1.28–1.58) | 1.54 (1.38–1.72) | 1.71 (1.52–1.93) | 1.69 (1.48–1.94) | 1.87 (1.64–2.13) | <0.001 |
| Model 3: Model 2 and admission serum [Na+] | 1 (ref) | 1.24 (1.11–1.38) | 1.38 (1.24–1.54) | 1.47 (1.31–1.64) | 1.60 (1.42–1.80) | 1.56 (1.36–1.78) | 1.65 (1.45–1.89) | <0.001 |
| Model 3: Model 2 and nadir serum [Na+] | 1 (ref) | 1.22 (1.09–1.36) | 1.34 (1.20–1.49) | 1.40 (1.25–1.57) | 1.50 (1.33–1.69) | 1.43 (1.25–1.65) | 1.49 (1.29–1.72) | <0.001 |
| Model 4: Model 2, and peak serum [Na+] | 1 (ref) | 1.28 (1.14–1.42) | 1.47 (1.32–1.64) | 1.62 (1.45–1.81) | 1.82 (1.62–2.05) | 1.82 (1.59–2.09) | 2.14 (1.87–2.45) | <0.001 |
ref, reference.
a
Adjusted for age; sex, race; principal diagnosis; CCI score; history of coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, peripheral artery disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cirrhosis; eGFR; number of serum [Na+] measurements during hospital stay and length of hospital stay.