Table 1.

Comparison between catheter-directed thrombolysis trials in regard to device investigated, dose of pharmacologic thrombolysis used, and surrogate outcome based on right ventricle (RV)/left ventricle (LV) reduction [note: RV/LV reduction with heparin alone historically 0.12. USAT, ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis; non-us CDL, non-ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis; rtPA, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator; ITT, intention to treat

Trial	N	Device	Study type	Dose	Duration (h)	Max dose	RV/LV reduction
ULTIMA [23]	59 (30 with USAT)	USAT	RCT	rtPA @ 1 mg/h for 5 h, 0.5 mg/h for 10 h	15 ± 1	20 ± 1 mg bilateral; 10 ± 0.5 mg unilateral	0.35 ± 0.22 @ 24 h
SEATTLE II [24]	150	USAT	Prospective, single-arm	1 mg/h	24—unilateral; 12—bilateral	24 mg	0.42 ± 0.36 @ 48 h
OPTALYSE [28•]	101	USAT	RCT	4–12 mg	2–6	8–24 mg	ITT @ 48 h -Arm 1: 24.0 ± 15.9 -Arm 2: 22.6 ± 14.1 -Arm 3: 26.3 ± 16.8 -Arm 4: 25.5 ± 22.7
PERFECT [21]	101	Non-us CDL and USAT	Prospective registry	tPA 0.5–1 mg/h OR urokinase 100,000 IU/h	Unspecified	Average dose tPA 28.0 ± 11.0 mg; 2,697,101 ± 936,287 IU urokinase	Not reported