Table 1. Serum lipid profile in control and experimental groups of rats.
| Control | HFD | HFD + SIM (20 mg/kg) | HFD + PCA50 mg/kg | HFD + PCA100 mg/kg | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Triglycerides | 1.11 ± 0.10 | 2.20 ± 0.18 a) | 1.19 ± 0.03 b) | 1.73 ± 0.05 b) | 1.61 ± 0.05 b) |
| Total cholesterol | 1.11 ± 0.03 | 2.32 ± 0.10 a) | 1.20 ± 0.04 b) | 1.92 ± 0.05 b) | 1.62 ± 0.05 b) |
| High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) | 0.55 ± 0.03 | 0.50 ± 0.04 | 0.86 ± .017 b) | 0.65 ± 0.03 b) | 0.71 ± 0.02 b) |
| LDL-c | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.82 ± 0.14 a) | 0.196 ± 0.07 b) | 0.49 ± 0.01 b) | 0.18 ± 0.03 b) |
| VLDL-c | 0.50 ± 0.04 | 0.99 ± 0.08 a) | 0.53 ± 0.01 b) | 0.78 ± 0.02 b) | 0.73 ± 0.02 b) |
| AIP | 0.30 ± 0.07 | 0.64 ± 0.07 a) | 0.14 ± 0.009 b) | 0.42 ± 0.01 b) | 0.35 ± 0.007 b) |
| AI | 0.10 ± 0.04 | 1.62 ± 0.23 a) | 0.22 ± 0.08 b) | 0.76 ± 0.05 b) | 0.25 ± 0.05 b) |
| CRI | 1.65 ± 0.55 | 4.66 ± 0.30 a) | 1.39 ± 0.07 b) | 2.96 ± 0.08 b) | 2.27 ± 0.07 b) |
Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (mean of six determinations). PCA: protocatechuic acid. Control group; HFD represents the group fed with high fat and fructose diet; SIM represents simvastatin; PCA50 mg/kg represents protocatechuic acid at 50 mg/kg and PCA100 mg/kg represents protocatechuic acid at 100 mg/kg; LDL-c: low-densitylipoprotein cholesterol; VLDL-c: very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; AI: atherogenic index; AIP: atherogenic index of plasma; CRI: coronary artery risk index. a) and b) indicate significant differences compared to the values of Control and HFD groups, respectively at P<0.05.