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. 2020 Sep 30;17(3):610–629. doi: 10.14245/ns.2040436.218

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Copyright © 2020 by the Korean Spinal Neurosurgery Society

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 5. — Results of range of motion (ROM) testing for flexion-extension (FE). The bars show the %ROM normalized to the performance of the standard of reference (standard-group with bilateral 3.5-mm titanium-rods) in FE. Standard of reference line denotes %ROM of posterior instrumentation using the standard configuration with 3.5-mm titanium-rods. Std3.5, posterior standard instrumentation with 3.5-mm rods; Std-4.0, standard with 4.0-mm rods; OGR-3.5, standard instrumentation with additional 3.5-mm outrigger-rod; OGR4.0, standard instrumentation with additional 4.0-mm outrigger-rod; 6S3R-3.5, 6 screws and 3 rod constructs with 3.5-mm rods; 6S3R-4.0, 6 screws and 3 rod construct with 4.0-mm rods; Ti-Rod, testing with titanium-rods; CoCr, testing with cobalt-chromium rods.