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. 2020 Oct 6;11(10):828. doi: 10.1038/s41419-020-03020-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Extracts from the biochemical chart in Fig. S1 depicting the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation biochemical pathways. Upregulated genes and proteins are shown in red lines, and downregulated genes and proteins in blue lines. The color is purple when genes and proteins did not show the same direction of change. Upregulated and downregulated metabolites are indicated in red and blue circles, respectively. DE cutoff for the three parameters was FDR < 0.05 and absolute logFC > 0.5. Graphs with levels of the different metabolites measured are also shown (n = 5/group). The metabolites citrate, malate and NAD⁺ had an absolute logFC < 0.5 but are also represented. b Mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates (OCR) in non-induced (-Aβ) and induced (+Aβ) MC65 nerve cells after 2 days. c The graphs for respective basal respiration, ATP production and maximal respiration are indicated. Unpaired two-tailed t-test (n = 40/group). d Total ATP levels in non-induced (-Aβ) and induced (+Aβ) MC65 nerve cells. Unpaired two-tailed t-test (n = 3/group). e Extract from Fig. S1 depicting the glycolysis biochemical pathway, with respective changes in genes, proteins and metabolites. DE cutoff for the three parameters was FDR < 0.05 and absolute logFC > 0.5. Graphs with levels of the glycolytic metabolites measured are shown (n = 5/group). f Extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in MC65 nerve cells after 2 days of Aβ induction. g Basal ECAR. Unpaired two-tailed t-test (n = 40/group). h Glucose uptake at day 2 after Aβ induction. Unpaired two-tailed t-test (n = 4/group). i Cellular energy phenotype, determined by plotting the basal levels of OCR versus ECAR. Aerobic: cells rely predominantly in mitochondrial respiration. Glycolytic: cells utilize predominantly glycolysis. Energetic: cells utilize both metabolic pathways. Quiescent: cells are not very energetic via either metabolic pathway. All data are mean ± SD.