Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analysis for the development of new, metachronous contralateral UTUC.
| Variable | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | |
| Age | 0.76 (0.67–0.86) | < 0.001 | 0.75 (0.67–0.85) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | ||||
| Men | Ref | |||
| Women | 0.85 (0.61–1.20) | 0.360 | ||
| Race | ||||
| White | Ref | |||
| Other | 1.28 (0.79–2.08) | 0.310 | ||
| Bladder cancer presence | ||||
| No | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 2.74 (1.98–3.80) | < 0.001 | 2.42 (1.73–3.37) | < 0.001 |
| Laterality | ||||
| Left | Ref | |||
| Right | 1.13 (0.82–1.57) | 0.450 | ||
| Location | ||||
| Pelvis | Ref | |||
| Ureter | 1.29 (0.93–1.79) | 0.130 | ||
| Extent of disease | ||||
| Local | Ref | Ref | ||
| Regional | 0.63 (0.45–0.89) | 0.008 | 0.76 (0.53–1.10) | 0.150 |
| Distanta | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Unknown | 1.23 (0.64–2.39) | 0.530 | 1.70 (0.81–3.53) | 0.160 |
| Surgery | ||||
| Nephroureterectomy | Ref | Ref | ||
| Nephron-sparing surgery | 1.68 (0.99–2.88) | 0.056 | 1.41 (0.81–2.47) | 0.220 |
| Tumor local excision | 1.73 (1.14–2.62) | 0.001 | 1.27 (0.81–1.98) | 0.300 |
| No | 0.65 (0.30–1.41) | 0.270 | 0.63 (0.28–1.45) | 0.280 |
| Unknown | 1.16 (0.71–1.88) | 0.550 | 0.87 (0.47–1.62) | 0.670 |
| Pathology grade | ||||
| I–II | Ref | Ref | ||
| III–IV | 0.60 (0.43–0.85) | 0.004 | 0.86 (0.60–1.23) | 0.410 |
| Unknown | 0.55 (0.31–0.98) | 0.043 | 0.74 (0.41–1.33) | 0.310 |
| Tumor size | ||||
| ≤ 3 cm | Ref | Ref | ||
| > 3 cm | 0.53 (0.34–0.81) | 0.004 | 0.61 (0.39–0.97) | 0.037 |
| Unknown | 0.99 (0.68–1.44) | 0.960 | 1.10 (0.69–1.75) | 0.690 |
Variables with p < 0.05 in univariate analysis were included in the multivariate model.
UTUC upper tract urothelial carcinomas, CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio.
aWe excluded patients with distant metastasis in this analysis, due to patients with metachronous contralateral UTUC did not have distant metastatic disease.