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. 2020 Sep 23;11:2150. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02150

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Copyright © 2020 Ding, Liu, Niu, Wang, Wang, Geng, Tian, Dai and Fu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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IFNβ exposure rescues dendritic cell GITRL downregulation from low-dose LPS pre-exposure. (A) Surface GITRL expression on primary CD11c⁺CD11b⁺ dendritic cells by flow cytometry. (B) Membrane-fraction immunoblotting of GITRL expression on primary CD11c⁺CD11b⁺ dendritic cells. (C) Flow cytometry of surface GITRL expression on lung-derived CD11c⁺CD11b⁺ dendritic cells. (D) Membrane-fraction immunoblotting of GITRL expression in lung-derived CD11c⁺CD11b⁺ dendritic cells. Data are reported as means ± standard deviations (SDs). **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 vs. Control group; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, and ^###p < 0.001 vs. PBS/OVA group. Control, unexposed normal mice; PBS/OVA, asthmatic mice; 3d1μgLPS/OVA, low-dose (1 μg daily) LPS-exposed asthmatic mice with LPS exposure at 3rd DOL; 3d1μgLPS/PBS, low-dose (1 μg daily) LPS-exposed normal mice with LPS exposure at 3rd DOL.