Table 2.
Decreased mechanical loading and altered nerve function.
| Model of altered nerve function | Loading method | Effect on bone | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensory nerves | ↓Sensory function—neonatal capsaicin treatment in rats | Molar extraction | ↓Osteoclast surface | (78) |
| ↓Sensory function—capsaicin treatment in adult rats | Hindlimb unloading | ↑Energy to failure | (92) | |
| Sympathetic nerves | ↓Sympathetic function—guanethidine treatment in rats | Molar extraction | ↑Osteoclast surface | (78) |
| ↓Sympathetic function—guanethidine or propranolol treatment in mice | Hindlimb unloading |
↑Trabecular BV/TV ↑MAR, MS/BS, BFR/BS ↓Oc.N and Oc.S |
(93) | |
| ↑Sympathetic function—isoproterenol treatment in mice | Hindlimb unloading | No effect | (93) | |
| ↓Sympathetic function—guanethidine sulfate or propranolol treatment in mice | Sciatic neurectomy | No effect | (85) | |
| ↓Sympathetic function—propranolol treatment in rats | Hindlimb unloading |
↑Trabecular Bone Volume ↑MAR, BFR/BS ↓Resorbing surface |
(94) | |
| ↑Sympathetic function—dobutamine treatment in rats | Hindlimb unloading |
↑BMD, BMC, Bone Area ↑MAR, MS/BS, BFR/BS |
(95) | |
| ↑Sympathetic function—dobutamine treatment in rats | Hindlimb unloading |
↑BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N ↑OS/BS, Ob.S/BS ↑ MAR, MS/BS, BFR/BS ↓ Osteocyte apoptosis |
(96) |