. 2020 Sep 23;11:582352. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.582352

Table 4.

Living conditions and demographics affecting COVID-19 stress: estimated means, standard errors, significance levels, effect sizes, and 95% CI.

		n	COVID-19 stress		p	Partial η²	95% CI for est. M
		n	Est. M	SE	p		LL	UL
Age ^a)					<.001	.03
	18–39	817	1.93	(0.03)			1.87	2.00
	40–59	462	1.65	(0.04)			1.56	1.73
	60–99	243	1.57	(0.06)			1.45	1.68
Gender^b)					.08	.002
	Female	993	1.81	(0.03)			1.76	1.87
	Male	528	1.73	(0.04)			1.65	1.80
Nationality ^b)					.004	.009
	German	792	1.80	(0.04)			1.73	1.87
	Austrian	573	1.71	(0.04)			1.63	1.79
	Italian	89	2.08	(0.10)			1.89	2.28
	Other	73	1.79	(0.11)			1.58	2.00
Relationship status ^b)					<.001	.01
	Married/partnered	953	1.71	(0.03)			1.99	2.24
	Other	574	1.90	(0.04)			1.84	2.11
Children^b)					.74	.00
	Yes	552	1.77	(0.05)			1.68	1.86
	No	975	1.79	(0.03)			1.73	1.85
Education^b)					.36	.001
	Secondary	190	1.84	(0.07)			1.71	1.98
	Advanced level	453	1.81	(0.05)			1.73	1.90
	University	884	1.76	(0.03)			1.70	1.82
Living alone ^b)					.002	.006
	Alone	328	1.92	(0.05)			1.82	2.02
	With others	1,199	1.75	(0.03)			1.69	1.80
Housing ^b)					.001	.008
	Room	134	2.04	(0.08)		1.89	2.20
	Flat or house	1,393	1.76	(0.02)			1.71	1.81
Access to outside^b)					.09	.002
	No	216	1.88	(0.06)			1.76	2.01
	Yes	1,311	1.77	(0.03)			1.72	1.82
Work situation					.001	.008
	Unemployed due to COVID-19	72	2.14	(0.11)			1.93	2.35
	Other	1,455	1.77	(0.02)			1.72	1.81

^a)ANCOVA controlling for group (1/2; set at 1.41); N = 1,527; ^b)ANCOVA, controlling for age (set at 40) and group (set at 1.41); N = 1,522. CI, confidence interval; LL, lower limit; UL, upper limit; bold, significant differences.