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. 2020 Oct 6;10:16638. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73636-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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BPA impaired podocyte adhesion. (A) MTT assay showing the percentage of cell viability with BPA treatment to different concentrations. (B) Adhesion assay: micrographs of podocytes (×40) incubated with BPA as well as pre-treatment 1 h with estrogen receptor blockers Tamoxifen (TX) 100 nM or ICI 100 nM. Note that the result of GBPA, a metabolized form of BPA, has been included in the graph. Data are the means ± SEM of three different experiments, each performed in duplicate. ****p < 0.0001 using ANOVA test.