Table 1.

Characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and non-MDR-TB patients, from cases in Continental Portugal, for the years of 2000–2016.

Patient’s characteristics	Total n	MDR-TB		Non-MDR-TB		p-value
		na	IQR or %	na	IQR or %
Age (years)
Median (IQR)	53,417	40.0	19	42.0	26	0.002b
Gender
Female	53,417	174	29.8	17,282	32.7	0.155
Male		409	70.7	35,552	67.3
Country of origin
Foreign-born	53338e	159	27.3	7184	13.7	< 0.001
Native		424	72.2	45,571	86.3
HIV status
Negative	53,417	421	72.2	45,929	86.9	< 0.001
Positive		162	27.8	6905	13.1
Alcohol abusef
No	48775e	386	75.5	41,045	85.0	< 0.001
Yes		125	24.5	7219	15.0
Injectable drug usef
No	49337e	415	79.7	43,780	89.7	< 0.001
Yes		106	20.3	5036	10.3
Reclusionc
No	49482c	481	93.8	47,836	97.7	< 0.001
Yes		32	6.2	1133	2.3
Community residenced
No Yes	49271e	480	94.6	47,011	96.4	0.084
		26	5.1	1754	3.6
Homelessness
No Yes	49436e	490	96.3	48,058	98.2	0.002
		19	3.7	869	1.8
Diabetes
No Yes	53,417	557	95.5	50,128	94.9	0.531
		26	4.5	2706	5.1
Silicosis
No Yes	53,417	578	99.1	52,414	99.2	0.812
		5	0.9	420	0.8
Previous TB treatment
No	53,417	348	59.7	47,615	90.1	< 0.001
Yes		235	40.3	5219	9.9
Site of disease
Pulmonary	53263e	530	91.1	38,484	73.1	< 0.001
Extra-pulmonary		52	8.9	14,197	26.9

TB tuberculosis, MDR-TB multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, IQR interquartile range, HIV human immunodeficiency virus.

^aNot applicable for age.

^bMann–Whitney U-test.

^cPrison confinement.

^dSocial housing for people with socio-economic vulnerabilities.

^eData missing for: country of origin (n = 79; 0.1%), alcohol abuse (n = 4642; 8.7%), injectable drug use (n = 4080; 7.6%), reclusion (n = 3935; 7.4%), community residence (n = 4146; 7.8%), homelessness (n = 3981; 7.5%), site of disease (n = 154; 0.3%).

^fSelf-reported.