Table 2.

Comparison of the characteristics of TB patients between those in high-risk areas only for non-MDR-TB and those in high–risk areas for both MDR- and non-MDR-TB, Continental Portugal, 2000–2016.

Patient’s characteristics	Total n	High-risk areas for non-MDR-TB but not for MDR-TB		High-risk areas for both MDR- and non-MDR-TB		p-value
		na	IQR or %	na	IQR or %
Age (years)
Median (IQR)	32,114	42.0	25	40.0	24	< 0.001b
Gender
Female	32,114	4816	31.3	5793	34.6	< 0.001
Male		10,562	68.7	10,943	65.4
Country of origin
Foreign-born	32,077	1107	7.2	4266	25.5	< 0.001
Native		14,255	92.8	12,449	74.5
HIV status
Negative	32,114	13,508	87.8	13,240	79.1	< 0.001
Positive		1870	12.2	3496	20.9
Alcohol abusef
No	28970e	11,867	86.1	12,544	82.6	< 0.001
Yes		1911	13.9	2648	17.4
Injectable drug usef
No	29480e	12,655	89.8	12,891	83.7	< 0.001
Yes		1431	10.2	2503	16.3
Reclusionc
No	29152e	13,895	98.5	14,440	96.0	< 0.001
Yes		217	1.5	600	4.0
Community residenced
No	29005e	13,687	97.6	14,259	95.1	< 0.001
Yes		331	2.4	728	4.9
Homelessness
No	29136e	13,940	98.9	14,549	96.7	< 0.001
Yes		148	1.1	499	3.3
Diabetes
No	32,114	14,654	95.3	15,892	95.0	0.172
Yes		724	4.7	844	5.0
Silicosis
No	32,114	15,161	98.6	16,720	99.9	< 0.001
Yes		217	1.4	16	0.1
Previous TB treatment
No	32,114	13,844	90.0	14,631	87.4	< 0.001
Yes		1534	10.0	2105	12.6
Site of disease
Pulmonary	32011e	11,574	75.5	11,961	71.7	< 0.001
Extra-pulmonary		3752	24.5	4724	28.3

TB tuberculosis, MDR-TB multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, IQR interquartile range, HIV human immunodeficiency virus.

^aNot applicable for age.

^bMann–Whitney U-test.

^cPrison confinement.

^dSocial housing for people with socio-economic vulnerabilities.

^eData missing for: country of origin (n = 37; 0.1%), alcohol abuse (n = 3144; 9.8%), injectable drug use (n = 2634; 8.2%), reclusion (n = 2962; 9.2%), community residence (n = 3109; 9.7%), homelessness (n = 2978; 9.3%), site of disease (n = 103; 0.3%).

^fSelf-reported.