Table 1.
Controlled trials on the effect of dairy products on bone turnover markers and bone massa.
| Type of dairy | Number of subjects | Ageb/Sex | Duration (months) | Outcome | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fortified milk and yogurt, 3 servings per day | 101 | 60.5 ± 0.7/F | 12 | Reduced PTH and CTX, increase in BMD | (6) |
| Milk | 30 | 59.3 ± 0.3/F | 1.5 | Reduced PTH, CTX, PINP and osteocalcin | (7) |
| High-protein dairy | 130 | 45.6 ± 8.9/F/M | 12 | Attenuated bone loss | (8) |
| Fortified fermented milk (175mL) | 85 | 58.7 ± 0.3/F | 0.5 | Reduced excretion of nocturnal deoxypyridinoline | (9) |
| Skimmed soft cheese, 2 servings/d | 37 | 84.8 ± 8.1/F | 1 | Reduced PTH, CTX and TRAP 5b, and increased 25(OH)D and IGF-1 | (7) |
| Fortified milk | 120 | >55/F | 4 | Reduced PTH, CTX, PINP and osteocalcin | (10) |
| Milk (2 × 500 mL/d) | 20 | 22.4 ± 2.4/F | 3 | Reduced PTH and CTX | (11) |
| Fortified milk | 63 | >55/F | 3 | Reduced CTX | (12) |
| Skimmed soft cheese, 2 servings (100 g/d) | 71 | 56.6 ± 3.0/F | 1.5 | Reduced PTH, CTX and TRAP 5b, and increased IGF-1 | (13) |
| Vitamin D and Calcium-fortified yogurt | 89 | 85.5 ± 6.6/F | 2 | Reduced PTH, CTX and TRAP 5b | (14) |
a
BMD, bone mineral density; PTH, parathyroid hormone; CTX, cross-linked telopeptide of type 1 collagen; PINP, procollagen type I N-propeptide; TRAP 5b, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
b
Mean ± SD.