Figure 4.

SC‐MIC determination after 1 h culture of E. coli in urine. a) Bacterial purification protocol for bacteria in urine for rapid AST by SRS imaging of D₂O metabolic incorporation. b) SRS and corresponding transmission images of E. coli in urine after 1 h culture in D₂O‐containing medium with the addition of serially diluted amoxicillin. c) Statistical analysis of C–D intensity in bacteria in (b). Number of cells N ≥ 10 per group. The colored points under different concentration stand for different individual bacterium. The dotted lines indicate the cutoff value at 60% of the control sample. The C–D intensities are normalized to the mean of control without antibiotic treatment. Number of cells N ≥ 10 per group. Error bars represent the SEM. Scale bar: 10 µm. d) The comparison of SC‐MIC and the CLSI susceptibility category for E. coli isolate and E. coli in urine. S: sensitive.