Figure 5.

Modeling the stock of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the top 1‐m depth subjected to a gradual increase of 3.0 °C over the period 2018–2100. Two alternatives are compared (with vs. without depth consideration): using Q ₁₀ value (the temperature sensitivity of SOC decomposition) of the top layer (0–10 cm) for the single‐layer model or using Q ₁₀ values of six depths for the six‐layer model. Meanwhile, these two alternatives are calculated with the asynchrony of the temperature responses of SOC sequestration rate (hereafter, Q ₁₀ value of C input) and output (i.e., Q ₁₀ value of C input is 50% lower, equal to, or 50% higher than that of SOC decomposition). All scenarios show that, compared to the six‐layer model, the single‐layer model would significantly underestimate the C‐climate feedback intensity to temperature increase. Details of the calculations are shown in Table S1 (Supporting Information).