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. 2020 Oct 7;26:93. doi: 10.1186/s10020-020-00220-z

Table 2.

Characteristics of subjects with obesity included into the study, comparison of groups according to fasting serum LDL cholesterol

Hypercholesterolemic group (n = 68) Control group (n = 69) p-value
Age (years) 50.1 ± 9.8 44.6 ± 12.2 < 0.004
Sex, female (%)b 75 70 ns
Weight (kg)a 92.2 (79.87–104.5) 92.5 (84–104.2) 0.425
Adipose tissue mass (%)a 39.8 (34.4–42.8) 38.3 (33.2–42.2) 0.24
BMI (kg/m2)a 33.0 (30.6–35.6) 32.1 (30.1–35.7) 0.45
WHRa 0.9 (0.83–0.98) 0.85 (0.8–0.975) 0.23
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)a 130 (120–140) 126 (120–135) 0.16
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)a 85 (80–90) 81 (80–89.5) 0.14
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)a 6.14 (5.57–6.75) 4.88 (4.42–5.1) < 0.001
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)a 4.14 (3.82–4.57) 2.91 (2.5–3.2) < 0.001
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) 1.3 ± 0.3 1.3 ± 0.3 0.69
Non-HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)a 4.86 (4.45–5.45) 3.51 (3.14–3.78) < 0.001
Fasting triglycerides (mmol/L) 1.7 ± 0.9 1.4 ± 0.7 0.007
Total fatty acids (µg/mL) 3868.8 ± 851.6 3122.6 ± 600.4 < 0.001
Saturated fatty acids (%) 33.51 ± 2.56 32.95 ± 1.88 0.16
Monounsaturated fatty acids (%) 26.56 ± 3.34 25.37 ± 2.46 0.025
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (%) 39.93 ± 4.61 41.65 ± 3.32 0.017
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)a 5.4 (4.8–5.8) 5.0 (4.8–5.5) 0.025
Glucose AUC OLTT (mmol/L min)a 9.72 (9.1–10.44) 9.43 (8.88–9.91) 0.046
Glucose AUC OGTT (mmol/L min)a 3.68 (3.31–4.38) 3.31 (2.8–3.99) 0.018
Fasting insulin (µIU/mL) 16.0 ± 8.6 15.8 ± 8.2 0.95
HOMA-IR 3.7 ± 2.0 3.7 ± 2.2 0.78
Adiponectin (µg/mL)a 5.99 (4.38–8.72) 6.25 (3.84–9.55) 0.79
Leptin (ng/mL)a 34.74 (22.67–51.95) 29.16 (19.4–51.84) 0.29
Fasting GIP (pg/mL)a 29.7 (19.3–44.7) 24.1 (15.9–33.6) 0.036
FGF19 (pg/mL) 147.9 ± 88.2 123.9 ± 90.6 0.035
FGF21 (pg/mL) 261.7 ± 160.6 214.2 ± 149.3 0.039

Comparison between the high LDL-CH group and controls (unpaired t-test for normally or Mann–Whitney U-test for non-normally distributed a variables). Data shown as mean ± SD; otherwise (a) as median and interquartile range in parentheses except nominal variable (b) shown as % of subjects. b The chi-squared test was used for nominal variable. The statistically significant results are marked in italics

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