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. 2020 Oct 6;8(1):e001537. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001537

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Barrier and strategy reporting during DPPOS follow-up (n=478). Panel A: Per cent of participants who reported specific barriers to adherence to study metformin. Panel B: Per cent of participants who reported specific strategies to improve adherence to study metformin. Dots in the figures represent observed percentages while lines indicate the modeled percentages of participants from a multinomial GEE model with barrier categories and strategy categories as the outcomes. Barrier categories with significant changes over time: no barriers (p<0.001; not shown); forgets to take pills (p<0.01); multiple barriers (p<0.001); gastrointestinal symptoms (p<0.05); disruption of activities (p<0.01). Strategy categories with significant changes over time: reminder device (p<0.001); multiple strategies (p<0.001); activity strategy (p<0.001). DPP, Diabetes Prevention Program; DPPOS, DPP Outcomes Study; GEE, generalized estimating equation.