TABLE 1.
Demographic information and neuropsychological scores of patients with PCA and tAD: (A) Demographic information and (B) neuropsychological raw scores and estimated performance relative to normative datasets of patients with PCA and tAD
| (A) Demographic information | PCA (N = 10) | tAD (N = 9) | Control (N = 12) a | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male:female) | 8:2 | 7:2 | 8:4 | ||
| Age | 69.5 (62.3, 75.3) | 69.0 (62.0, 76.0) | 70.5 (65.0, 72.3) | ||
| Height (cm) | 175.0 (170.2, 180.0) | 175.0 (172.0, 178.0) | 178.0 (169.8, 179.0) | ||
| MMSE b (/30) | 24.5 (19.0, 28.8) | 23.0 (21.0, 25.0) | — | ||
| Amyloid beta PET/CSF consistent with AD c | 5/5 | 4/4 | |||
| Raw Score | % patients below 5th%ile | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (B) Neuropsychology test | Max Score | PCA | tAD | PCA | tAD |
| Background neuropsychology | |||||
|
Short Recognition Memory Test for words (joint auditory/visual presentation) |
25 | 20.5 (19.0, 23.3) | 18.0 (16.0, 22.0) | 10% | 44% |
| Concrete Synonyms test | 25 | 21.0 (21.0, 23.0) | 22.5 (20.8, 23.3) | 0% | 11% |
| Naming (verbal description) | 20 | 19.0 (19.0, 19.8) | 17.0 (16.0, 19.0) | 10% | 33% |
| Calculation (GDA d ) | 24 | 6.5 (0, 10.0) | 6.0 (2.0, 14.0) | 40% | 44% |
| Spelling (GDST e Set B, first 20 items) | 20 | 15.5 (8.0, 19.8) | 14.5 (7.0, 20) | 20% | 11% |
| Gesture production test | 15 | 13.5 (12.0, 15) | 15 (15, 15) | — | — |
| Digit span (forward) | 12 | 8.0 (6.3, 9.0) | 8.0 (5.0, 10.0) | 10% | 22% |
| Max forward | 8 | 6.5 (6.0, 7.0) | 7.0 (5.0, 7.0) | — | ‐ |
| Digit span (backward) | 12 | 3.5 (2.3, 5.8) | 6.0 (4.0, 8.0) | 0% | 0% |
| Max backward | 7 | 3.5 (2.3, 4.0) | 4.0 (4.0, 5.0) | — | — |
| Visual assessment | |||||
| Early visual processing | |||||
| Visual acuity (CORVIST f ): Snellen | 6/9 | 6/9 | 6/9 | — | — |
| Figure‐ground discrimination (VOSP g ) | 20 | 17.5 (16.3, 18.8) | 19.0 (18.0, 19.0) | 70% | 33% |
| Visuoperceptual processing | |||||
| Fragmented letters (VOSP) | 20 | 7.5 (1.3, 13.3) | 19.0 (18.0, 20) | 100% | 11% h |
| Visuospatial processing | |||||
| Dot counting (VOSP) | 10 | 5.0 (3.6, 6.8) | 9.0 (8.0, 10) | 90% | 33% h |
| Visual search | |||||
| A Cancellation: Completion time | 90s | 65.0s (43.8, 90) | 28.0s (23.0, 42.0) | 80% | 56% |
| A Cancellation: Number of letters missed | 19 | 0.5 (0, 4.3) | 0 (0, 0) | ‐ | ‐ |
Medians and interquartile ranges are reported for demographic information and neuropsychological raw scores owing to non‐normal distribution of some variables.
Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer's disease; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; PCA, posterior cortical atrophy; PET, positron emission tomography; tAD, typical Alzheimer's disease.
Available cognitive measures (N = 7; Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, Recognition memory test for words, Paired Associate Learning 44 ) and structural MRI (N = 8) did not provide evidence of cognitive impairment or neurodegeneration.
Mini‐Mental State Examination.
Positive amyloid scan on standard visual rating or CSF amyloid beta (Aβ)1‐42 ≤627 and/or tau/Aβ ratio > 0.52.
Graded Difficulty Arithmetic test.
Graded Difficulty Spelling Test.
Cortical Visual Screening Test. 42
Visual Object and Space Perception Battery. 43
Chi‐square tests indicate evidence of the proportion of patients performing below the 5th%ile differing between PCA and tAD groups (P ≤ .01).