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. 2020 Sep 15;12(9):5205–5220.

Figure 1.

Figure 1

OMST treatment counteracted BLM-induced cellular senescence in human VSMCs. A. Cell morphology was observed in the BLM and control groups. We observed thattreatment with BLM resulted in shrunken cells that contained increased amounts of pigment when compared to control cells. B. Cell adhesion assays were performed using VSMCs in the BLM and control groups. C. The NAD+/NADH ratio was determined by an NAD+/NADH assay. D. Representative immunofluorescence images of nuclear γH2AX (cell nuclei: blue; γH2AX: red) in VSMCs from the control, BLM, and BLM+OMST groups. E, F. Cell senescence was evaluated by staining for SA-β-gal-positive cells. Representative photomicrographs showing SA-β-gal-positive cells (blue) among the VSMCs. G, H. Cell proliferation was assessed by the Edu flow cytometry assay. I, J. Flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining was used to analyze VSMC apoptosis. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. control; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs. BLM group. Abbreviations: VSMCs, vascular smooth muscle cells; BLM, bleomycin; OMST, olmesartan.