Figure 3.

A, Abdominal normothermic regional perfusion (NRP). The descending aorta is clamped. Note the minimal pressure in the ascending aortic cannula that is open to atmosphere. (Image reproduced with the kind permission of the donor's family.) B, Double lumen cannula used in direct (hypothermic) procurement and perfusion (DPP) with abdominal‐normothermic regional perfusion (A‐NRP) to open the ascending aorta to atmosphere and allow the administration of cardioplegia before explantation of the heart. C, Intraoperative thoracoabdominal‐normothermic regional perfusion (TA‐NRP). 7Fr. cannula are inserted into the arch vessels and connected to hard‐shell reservoir during NRP. X ‐ brachiocephalic artery, Y – left carotid. Z – left subclavian artery arch vessels are ligated at origin, and second tie securing the cannula