. 2020 Sep 10;45(Suppl 1):28–42. doi: 10.1111/jcpt.13224

Table 5.

HbA_1c and body weight change from trials that compared QW GLP‐1 RAs with insulin

Trial name, time until primary endpoint	Treatment arms	Permitted concomitant treatments	ETD HbA_1c, % [95% CI]; P‐value	ETD body weight, kg [95% CI]; P‐value
QW GLP‐1 RAs vs insulin (ETD vs insulin)
AWARD‐2 ⁷⁸ , 52 weeks	Dulaglutide 0.75 mg	Metformin, glimepiride	−0.13 [−0.29; −0.02]; <.001	−1.33 ± 0.24 ^a ; <.001
	Dulaglutide 1.5 mg		−0.45 [−0.60; −0.29]; <.001	−1.87 ± 0.24 ^a ; <.001
	Insulin glargine			1.44 ± 0.24
AWARD‐4 ⁵⁰ , 26 weeks	Dulaglutide 0.75 mg	Metformin, insulin lispro	−0.17 [−0.33; −0.02]; .015	0.18 [−0.35; 0.71] ^a , ^b ; <.0001
	Dulaglutide 1.5 mg		−0.22 [−0.38; −0.07]; .005	−0.87 [−1.40; −0.34] ^a , ^b ; <.0001
	Insulin glargine			2.33 [1.80, 2.86] ^b ; <.0001
AWARD‐7 ⁹ , 26 weeks	Dulaglutide 0.75 mg	Insulin lispro	0.02 [−0.18; 0.22]; .0001 ^c	NR
	Dulaglutide 1.5 mg		−0.05 [−0.26; 0.15]; .0001 ^c	NR
	Insulin glargine
DURATION‐3 ⁷⁹ , 156 weeks	Exenatide ER 2 mg	Metformin ± SUs	−0.20 [−0.39; −0.02]; .03	−4.51 [−5.23; −3.79]; <.001
DURATION‐3 ⁷⁹ , 156 weeks	Insulin glargine	Metformin ± SUs	−0.20 [−0.39; −0.02]; .03	−4.51 [−5.23; −3.79]; <.001
SUSTAIN 4 ⁸⁰ , 30 weeks	Semaglutide s.c. 0.5 mg	Metformin ± SUs	−0.38 [−0.52; −0.24]; <.0001	−4.62 [−5.27; −3.96]; <.0001
	Semaglutide s.c. 1 mg		−0.81 [−0.96; −0.67]; <.0001	−6.33 [−7.00; −5.68]; <.0001
	Insulin glargine
QW GLP‐1 RAs in combination with insulin (ETD vs placebo)
AWARD‐9 ²⁵ , 28 weeks	Dulaglutide 1.5 mg	Insulin glargine ± metformin	−0.77 [0.97; −0.56] <.001	−2.41 [−3.19; −1.64]; <.001
AWARD‐9 ²⁵ , 28 weeks	Placebo	Insulin glargine ± metformin	−0.77 [0.97; −0.56] <.001	−2.41 [−3.19; −1.64]; <.001
DURATION‐7 ²⁷ , 28 weeks	Exenatide ER 2 mg	Insulin glargine ± (metformin ± SU)	−0.73 [−0.93; −0.53]; <.001	−1.5 [−2.17; −0.84]; <.001
DURATION‐7 ²⁷ , 28 weeks	Placebo	Insulin glargine ± (metformin ± SU)	−0.73 [−0.93; −0.53]; <.001	−1.5 [−2.17; −0.84]; <.001
SUSTAIN 5 ²⁹ , 30 weeks	Semaglutide s.c. 0.5 mg	Basal insulin ± metformin	−1.35 [−1.61; −1.10]; <.0001^†	−2.31 [−3.33; −1.29]; <.0001^†
	Semaglutide s.c. 1 mg		−1.75 [−2.01; −1.50]; <.0001^†	−5.06 [−6.08; −4.04]; <.0001^†
	Placebo

Abbreviations: BID, twice‐daily; CI, confidence interval; ETD, estimated treatment difference; exenatide ER AI, exenatide ER auto‐injectable; exenatide ER, exenatide extended‐release; GLP‐1 RA, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist; HbA_1c, glycated haemoglobin; NR, not reported; QD, once‐daily; QW, once‐weekly; s.c., subcutaneous; SU, sulphonylurea.

^{^a}

P‐values represent dulaglutide versus insulin glargine.

^{^b}

Adjusted mean change from baseline [95% CI].

^{^c}

Significance for non‐inferiority; ^†compared against placebo.