Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Radiotherapy | Chemotherapy ± radiotherapy | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Treated | P‐value | Control | Treated | P‐value | |
| Patients, n | 172 | 170 | 174 | 172 | ||
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (years) | 64.8 (6.9) | 65.2 (7.5) | 0.59 | 59.6 (9.1) | 59.3 (9.2) | 0.71 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.9 (4.8) | 26.9 (5.5) | 0.97 | 25.9 (4.3) | 26.2 (4.0) | 0.52 |
| Time since therapy (years) | – | 11.6 (5.2) | – | 11.3 (5.5) | ||
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 74.1 (13.7) | 74.4 (17.5) | 0.84 | 75.8 (13.3) | 74.3 (14.6) | 0.3 |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 61 (35.5) | 60 (35.3) | 0.97 | 42 (24.1) | 46 (26.7) | 0.58 |
| Diabetes | 8 (4.7) | 20 (11.8) | 0.016 | 7 (4.0) | 9 (5.2) | 0.59 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 30 (17.4) | 32 (18.8) | 0.74 | 28 (16.1) | 21 (12.2) | 0.3 |
| Artificial heart valve | 2 (1.2) | 1 (0.6) | 0.57 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 0.31 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 6 (3.5) | 14 (8.2) | 0.061 | 8 (4.6) | 15 (8.7) | 0.12 |
| Heart failure | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.16 | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) | 0.99 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 4 (2.3 | 6 (3.5) | 0.51 | 1 (0.6) | 4 (2.3) | 0.17 |
| Medication, n (%) | ||||||
| ACE inhibitors | 23 (13.4) | 31 (18.2) | 0.22 | 19 (10.9) | 33 (19.2) | 0.031 |
| Beta‐blockers | 19 (11.0) | 32 (18.8) | 0.044 | 14 (8.0) | 21 (12.2) | 0.2 |
| CCB | 13 (7.6) | 7 (4.1) | 0.18 | 9 (5.2) | 7 (4.1) | 0.63 |
| Diuretics | 26 (15.1) | 18 (10.6) | 0.21 | 12 (6.9) | 13 (7.6) | 0.81 |
| Anticoagulants | 11 (6.4) | 18 (10.6) | 0.16 | 8 (4.6) | 19 (11.0) | 0.025 |
| Antiplatelet therapy | 5 (2.9) | 13 (7.6) | 0.05 | 6 (3.4) | 16 (9.3) | 0.026 |
| Statins | 26 (15.1) | 30 (17.6) | 0.53 | 13 (7.5) | 23 (13.4) | 0.072 |
| Laboratory | ||||||
| HDL‐cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.8 (0.5) | 1.7 (0.4) | 0.038 | 1.8 (0.5) | 1.7 (0.5) | 0.77 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.7 (1.0) | 5.6 (1.1) | 0.73 | 5.6 (1.2) | 5.5 (1.1) | 0.9 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.2 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.8) | 0.13 | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.3 (0.8) | 0.43 |
| LDL‐cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.5 (1.0) | 3.5 (1.1) | 0.7 | 3.5 (1.1) | 3.4 (1.0) | 0.6 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.6 (1.0) | 5.9 (1.7) | 0.063 | 5.5 (1.0) | 5.5 (1.0) | 0.73 |
| C‐reactive protein (mg/L) | 1.4 [0.8–3.0] | 1.7 [0.9–4.0] | 0.19 | 1.4 [0.8–3.0] | 1.9 [1.0–4.0] | 0.017 |
| NT‐proBNP (pg/mL) | 82.0 [50.5–140.5] | 97.0 [51.0–160.0] | 0.15 | 71.5 [46.0–125.0] | 97.5 [58.0–148.5] | 0.002 |
| Echocardiography | ||||||
| LVEF (%) | 59.0 [57.5–61.5] | 58.0 [55.0–62.0] | 0.11 | 59.0 [57.0–62.0] | 57.5 [55.0–60.0] | <0.001 |
| Systolic dysfunction (LVEF <54%) | 13 (7.7) | 27 (16.3) | 0.016 | 13 (7.5) | 25 (15.0) | 0.029 |
| E′ septal (cm/s) | 7 [6–9] | 7 [6–9] | 0.73 | 8 [7–10] | 8 [6–9] | 0.31 |
| E′ lateral (cm/s) | 10 [8–11] | 9 [7–11] | 0.416 | 10.7 [8.8–12.4] | 10.4 [7.9–12.4] | 0.23 |
| E/e′ | 7.5 [6.4–9.0] | 7.6 [6.6–9.1] | 0.38 | 7.2 [6.1–8.2] | 7.0 [5.9–8.1] | 0.29 |
| Prior treatment | ||||||
| Time since therapy (years) | – | 11.6 (5.2) | – | 11.3 (5.5) | ||
| Anti‐hormonal therapy | 38 (22) | 108 (63) | ||||
| Cumulative anthracycline doses (mg/mL) | – | 238 [228–240] | ||||
| Trastuzumab | 0 (0) | 13 (9) | ||||
| Radiotherapy (%) | 100 | 69 | ||||
| LV mean dose (Gy) | 2 [0.6–6.5] | 1.9 [0.6–6.0] | ||||
Values are given as mean ± standard deviation, n (%), or median [interquartile range].
ACE, angiotensin‐converting enzyme; BMI, body mass index; CCB, calcium channel blocker; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide; SD, standard deviation.