FIGURE 2.

Channel expression changes in differentially activated microglia. (a) Purinergic currents from three representative undifferentiated microglia evoked by a 3‐s pulse of either ATP or BzATP while voltage clamped at −70 mV. (b) Potentiation of ATP‐induced currents by the P2X4‐selective positive modulator ivermectin (left). Quantification of area under the curve (AUC) showed a 3.04 ± 0.80‐fold increase in potentiation (n = 4) currents induced by 0.03 mM ATP by in the presence of ivermectin (right). Statistical significance (**p < 0.01) determined by paired t test. (c) Differential P2X4 current expression in undifferentiated, interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐differentiated microglia. (d) Overlay of representative K⁺ currents in undifferentiated, IL‐4‐ and LPS‐differentiated microglia. (e) Inhibition of delayed rectifying outward K⁺ current in LPS‐differentiated microglia by 100 nM PAP‐1, a Kv1.3‐selective small molecule blocker. (f) Inhibition of Kir2.1 inward rectifying current by 100 μM BaCl₂. Scatterplots of (g) P2X4, (h) Kv1.3, and (i) Kir2.1 current density from undifferentiated (U), IL‐4 (I), and LPS‐differentiated (L) cells. Data collected from at least three independently prepared, mixed‐gender, male‐only, and female‐only microglia cultures. Error bars indicate mean ± SD. Statistical significance determined by one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey–Cramer's post hoc test (alpha = .p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 versus undifferentiated microglia. ^# p < 0.05, ^## p < 0.01, ^### p < 0.001 versus IL‐4 differentiated microglia. See Table 1 for details [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]